B) The Problems with Irregularities in the Military Being Repeated The irregularities in the military is used as a broad term referring to human rights violations, such as beatings, cruelty, abusive language and swearing, and unreasonable restriction of fundamental rights, as well as various types of other abuses. As such, the cases referred to as irregularities in the military also vary from unit to unit. In addition to assault and sexual violence, harsh behaviors, such as forced memorization, prohibition of certain basic actions necessary for life, sleep disturbance are widely known. The irregularities in the military and the human rights violations that follow directly or indirectly cause mental pain to the victims, and it can cause medical problems, such as depression and adjustment disorder, or even cause suicide in severe cases. Violence and irregularities within groups have been a problem in many parts of Korean society, but the irregularities within the military seem to have special elements in their causes and problems. In the past, ‘remnants of the Japanese culture’ and ‘immoral personal problems’ were suggested as causes of irregularities in the military, but it is worth paying attention to the fact that there has been a perception and culture in the military that justifies various irregularities as ‘military discipline’ or ‘unity,’ or that ‘the military had always been this way.’ Those who cannot meet or adapt to the level required by the military for various reasons become a minority within the military. One type of irregularities that is a problem in the Korean military is the way that the majority continues a distorted fellowship and anti-human rights leadership, while targeting the minorities. Distrust that the human rights protection system inside and outside the military is not working well is also asserted as a major factor in preventing irregularities from being eradicated. When a suffering soldier reports to his superiors in order to rectify the problem, he is criticized for not being a man, for not understand the military culture, or becomes the target of bullying within the unit, and there are also cases even in the units, when an irregularity case is reported to the upper level, they stop at self-discipline within the unit to avoid disadvantages that the unit may face. 163

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