C) The Need for Active Efforts by the State to Eradicate Irregularities in the Military Soldiers are citizens in uniforms, and the state has an obligation to actively protect the basic human rights of soldiers performing their national defense duties. It has been evaluated that the situation of human rights violations in the military has improved due to the recent legal and institutional measures taken to protect the human rights of soldiers and changes in the environment. However, even in 2022, shocking cases of irregularities are occurring in the military, and there is a large gap in the recognition of the military human rights status between civilian and military authorities. As the interest in human rights and the desire to guarantee human rights increase, expectations are high for the method of personal education and training in the military, but the improvement in the military life seems to be unable to keep pace. In particular, the civilian concerns about the irregularities and human rights violations that can occur in basic army life have not been resolved, and it is also worth noting that whenever an incident occurs within the military, the military authorities show a defensive attitude, which in turn leads to high external distrust of the military. The UN Human Rights Committee also expressed concern to the Korean government in 2015 about the high number of cases of sexual violence and physical and verbal assault in the military, and that only a small number of such cases were recorded and prosecuted. It also expressed the opinion that perpetrators should be brought to justice and punished through a full and fair investigation into allegations of abuse in the military, rather than by simply excluding or dismissing the perpetrators from service. As an overseas example, the US military declared ‘combat hazing’ along with the revision of the army service discipline in 2013 to reflect the cases of Harry Lu and Danny Chen, who died in 2011 due to collective harassment, leading to beatings in the military. Measures were implemented to eradicate harsh behaviors by implementing heavy punishments for the crimes.384) Not only should the military have to narrow the distance from society, but active efforts are needed to improve the irregularities within the military culture rather than a vague forecast that the irregularities and human rights violations within the military will decrease eventually. It is necessary to continuously educate soldiers from the beginning of the service that they can be punished even after they are discharged from the military for crimes, such as cruelty and assault, which occurred in the military, and in fact, it is important to properly 384) Weekly Sisa, Why do Korean sons continue to suffer harsh treatments?, Sep. 2, 2020. 164