Developed States The CESCR has emphasised that international co-operation is particularly incumbent upon those States which are in a position to assist others.464 Thus, developed States are required to provide expertise and commit financial resources aimed at realising the right to education. Further, developed States are obliged to abstain from adopting any policy that may impede or violate the full realisation of the right to education in other countries.465 In this regard, developed States are obliged to ensure their foreign aid policies do not cause unintended negative effects. It is important to note that, irrespective of differences in their political, economic and social systems, States are required to co-operate with one another to promote international social, economic and cultural progress, in particular the economic growth of developing countries.466 Developing States States that lack resources to provide for the full realisation of the right to education are obliged to seek international assistance. Developing States may actively seek assistance from: (i) wealthier States; (ii) UN specialised agencies such as UNESCO and UNICEF; and (iii) other inter-governmental or non-governmental organisations, including international financial institutions such as the World Bank.467 The funds and assistance received should be directed by developing States to satisfying basic needs associated with the progressive realisation of the right to education. Further, in accordance with the principle of substantive equality, developing States receiving international assistance must prioritise the education needs of the most vulnerable and disadvantaged groups within society.468 As the focus is on the equitable distribution of funds, States should ensure that the realisation of the right to education has not been jeopardised by efforts to realise another right. In addition, States must refrain from obstructing international organisations in their legitimate efforts to assist people within that State to achieve guaranteed levels of education.469 464 CESCR General Comment No. 3: The nature of States parties obligations E/1991/23 14 December 1990 at para 14. 465 Sepúlveda The Nature of the Obligations under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (2003) at 373. 466 Limburg Principles at para 31 467 Sepúlveda The Nature of the Obligations under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (2003) at 376. 468 Sepúlveda The Nature of the Obligations under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (2003) at 377. 469 Sepúlveda The Nature of the Obligations under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (2003) at 388. 144