62 | HUMANITY AMIDST CONFLICTS Third Challenge — CHALLENGES: Thereis a need to strengthen remedyfor IHL Bill First challenge — violations. IHL violations occurred and continue Nonationallaw regarding IHL. to occur. Recommendations: Recommendations: . Review of the existing state policies, particularly those concerning the security sector, particularly the AFP’s Rules of Engagement, the Rules of Procedure as well as the military justice system. This is important because in the implementation of the AFP’s Rules of Engagement, the legal standards set up by IHL should be considered. In this way, IHL becomes localized or domesticized. ' Compliance monitoring by the Civil Society. The Civil Society should recognize the fact that they have the capacity to give information on whatis happeningin our society with regard to the implementation of IHL. Enactmentof IHLBill itself. Recommendations: Lobbyfor the passage of the IHL Bill. We do that by social mobilization for thelegislative body and ensuring thepassageofthe Bill. Wewill get support from different state actors and nonstate actors and other organizations soas to help in the lobbying. = Ratification of relevant treaties. Treaties like the 1998 Rome Statute on International Criminal Court, Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflict, the 1954 Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Properties, the 1999 Protocol, and the Optional Protocol on the Convention Against Torture, have beenratified but not yet signed by the President. . Ensure the enactment of the domestic legislations. We haveBills pending in Congress which includes the IHL Bill, Convention Against Torture,Bill against Enforced Disappearance,Bill for the Internally Displaced Persons. Fourth ChallengeProvisionsfor an effective legal aid service for the Second challenge — . " Public awareness campaign for the underprivileged. Wesee this as a problem so we have to strengthen remedies. Recommendation: . To provide free legal aid services to the victims, usually from the far-flung areas, where they cannotafford to hire their own lawyers. Fifth Challenge — The unresolved cases of alleged IHL violations. With IHLstill not translated into domestic law. importanceandthenecessity to adopt the IHL in IHL violations may be remedied by reviewing and the domestic system. The previous group strengthening the current witness protection mentioned how we should promotethe IHLitself. program of the State taking into account the . Weshould lobby or conduct a dialogue development in HumanRights and Internationa! with the Executive Branchto certify the IHL Bill Humanitarian Law. As observed by many,victims as a priority Bill because this armed conflict has are unwilling to cooperate due to fear/threat to already been a long problem, specifically in their lives because their aggressors are usually Mindanao. state agents.