Note The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the APF concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. ISBN 978-0-9922766-0-7 (print) ISBN 978-0-9922766-1-4 (electronic) Undertaking Effective Investigations: A Guide for National Human Rights Institutions © Copyright Asia Pacific Forum of National Human Rights Institutions July 2013 (updated May 2018) No reproduction is permitted without prior written consent from the APF. Asia Pacific Forum of National Human Rights Institutions GPO Box 5218 Sydney NSW 1042 Australia Credits United Nations photographs are the property of the United Nations, which holds all rights in connection with their usage. Cover photographs Left: UN Photo by Martine Perret. Centre: UN Photo by Martine Perret. Bottom: UN Photo by Tobin Jones.