Endnotes 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 Ibid. A Paraskevas and M Brookes, ‘Nodes, guardians and signs: Raising barriers to human trafficking in the tourism industry’ (2018) Tourism Management, 67, 147-156.; ECPAT International, ‘Summary Paper on Sexual Exploitation of Children in Travel and Tourism’ (2020) <https:// ecpat.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/ECPATSummary-paper-on-Sexual-Exploitation-ofChildren-in-Travel-and-Tourism-2020.pdf>. International Air Transport Association (IATA), ‘Airlines Denounce Human Trafficking and Commit to Action’ (5 June 2018) <https://www. iata.org/en/pressroom/pr/2018-06-05-03/>. IATA, ‘Human Trafficking: Consumer and Passenger Issues’ (2022) <https://www.iata. org/en/policy/consumer-pax-rights/humantrafficking/>. Ibid. The Code, ‘Our Members’ (2021) <https:// thecode.org/ourmembers/>. Ibid. UN, ‘Framework Principles on Human Rights and the Environment’ (2018) <https:// mk0globalnapshvllfq4.kinstacdn.com/wpcontent/uploads/2018/08/framework-principleson-human-rights-and-the-environment.pdf>, Paragraph 1. United Nations Human Rights Council, ‘Resolution 48/13: The Human Right to a Clean, Healthy and Sustainable Environment’ (2021) <https://documents-dds-<ny.un.org/ doc/UNDOC/GEN/G21/289/50/PDF/G2128950. pdf?OpenElement>. United Nations, ‘With 161 Votes in Favour, 8 Abstentions, General Assembly Adopts Landmark Resolution Recognizing Clean, Healthy, Sustainable Environment as Human Right’ (Press Release) (28 July 2022) <https://press.un.org/ en/2022/ga12437.doc.htm>. Megan Epler Wood et al, ‘Destinations at Risk: The Invisible Burden of Tourism’ (2019). Ibid. United Nations World Tourism Organisation, ‘Sustainable Development’ Our Focus <https:// www.unwto.org/sustainable-development>. Derived from article 11 of ICESCR and the 2010 UNGA resolution (A/RES/64/292). Helen Jennings, ‘Tourism Concern’, Transforming Tourism (webpage) <http://www.transformingtourism.org/goal-6-clean-water-and-sanitation. html>. R Nobel et al, ‘Water Equity in Tourism: A Human Right, A Global Responsibility’ (2012) London: Tourism Concern. CEO Water Mandate (webpage) <https:// ceowatermandate.org/>. 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 60 | Andreas Neef, ‘Tourism, Land Grabs and Displacement’ (2019) <https://www.tourismwatch.de/system/files/document/Neef_Tourism_ Land_Grab_Study.pdf>. UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, ‘Land and Human Rights: Standards and Applications’ (2015) <https://www.ohchr.org/ sites/default/files/Documents/Publications/Land_ HR-StandardsApplications.pdf>. Above n 69. UNDP, ‘The Preliminary Assessment of the Regulatory Framework on Responsible Business Practice in Vietnam’ (2020) p. 84. UNESCO, ‘IMPACT: the effects of tourism on culture and the environment in Asia and the Pacific: cultural tourism and heritage management in the world heritage site of the Ancient Town of Hoi An, Viet Nam’ (2008) <https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/ pf0000182646>. Sustainable Hospitality Alliance. ‘Human Rights Area of Action’ (2021) <https:// sustainablehospitalityalliance.org/our-work/ human-rights/>. Above, n 33. United Nations World Tourism Organisation, ‘Transforming Tourism for Climate Action’ (Webpage) <https://www.unwto.org/sustainabledevelopment/climate-action#:~:text=The%20 tourism %20sector%20is%20highly,the%20 resilience%20of%20the%20sector>. Michael Tartaski, ‘New climate change report highlights grave dangers for Vietnam’ (30 October 2018) Mongabay. <https://news. mongabay.com/2018/10/new-climatechange-report-highlights-grave-dangers-forvietnam/#:~:text=Vietnam%20is%20among%20 the%20most,to%20worsen %20in%20coming%20 years>. Above, n 76. Ibid. United National Office of the High Commission for Human Rights, ‘Ensuring that business respects human rights during the Covid-19 crisis and beyond: The relevance of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights’ (2022) <https://www.ohchr.org/en/statements/2020/04/ ensuring-business-respects-human-rightsduring-covid-19-crisis-and-beyond>. United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, ‘Guiding principles on business and human rights: Implementing the United Nations ‘Protect, Respect and Remedy’ Framework’ UN Doc HR/Pub/11/04 (16 June 2011), Principle 14 at p15 <https:// www.ohchr.org/documents/publications/ guidingprinciplesbusinesshr_en.pdf>. Ibid, Principle 11 at p13.