作為人權捍衛者的國家人權機構 國家人權機構經常在關於人權捍衛者的敘事中被忽視，然而國家人權機構作為人權捍衛者的保護者、 監督者和支持者，佔有獨特的地位。前聯合國人權捍衛者處境特別報告員瑪格麗特・塞卡吉（Margaret Sekaggya）在 2013 年提交給聯合國人權理事會的報告中認為，符合《關於促進和保護人權的國家機構 的地位的原則》 （ 《巴黎原則》 ）的國家人權機構也可以被視為人權捍衛者。 國家人權機構的工作人員每天都承受遭受暴力和報復的危險，其中一些人為他們對人權的堅持和奉獻 付出了最高的代價。本《行動計劃》肯認國家人權機構及其工作人員不可或缺的角色，並承諾支持作為 人權捍衛者的國家人權機構。 延伸閱讀： APF (2019): NHRI Guidelines for Mainstreaming the Human Rights of Women and Girls into Our Everyday Work Protection International: Collective Protection of Human Rights Defenders A collective approach to the right to defend human rights UNDP & APTN (2017): Legal Gender Recognition: A Multi-Country Legal and Policy Review in Asia Asia Pacific Forum on Women, Law, and Development (2007): Claiming Rights, Claiming Justice: A Guidebook on Women Human Rights Defenders Destination Justice (2018): Revealing the Rainbow: The Human Rights Situation of LGBTIQ HRDs in Southeast Asia APF (2019): Human Rights and Disability: A Manual for National Human Rights Institutions Front Line Defenders (2018): Global Analysis UN Special Rapporteur on HRDs (2016): Report of the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders OHCHR (2004): Factsheet 29 – Human Rights Defenders: Protecting the Right to Defend UN Women (2018): Statement by Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka, UN Under-Secretary-General and Executive Director, UN Women on International Women Human Rights Defenders Day, 29 November 2018 UNEP (2018): Promoting Greater Protection for Environmental Defenders Policy UN Special Rapporteur on HRDs (2016): Promotion and protection of human rights: human rights questions, including alternative approaches for improving the effective enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms 第1部分：背景 | 11