4. Subsequently, Clause “b” of Article 179, as amended, states that: “The travel ban shall expire in any of the following events: 1. If the Plaintiff or in whose favor the order is issued fails to notify the person against whom the travel ban order is issued, pursuant to Clause 2 of Article 178 of this Law; 2,. If any of the two conditions required for the travel ban order is no longer satisfied; 3. If the Defendant presents a guarantor acceptable to the court or a cash security estimated y the court to guarantee the performance of the order that may be issued in the claim; 4. Upon the lapse of two years from the date of the decision and it became final in the claim of the debt for which the travel ban was issued, without submitting an application for enforcing the decision by the judgment creditor to the enforcement court”. 5. At the level of international instruments; the right to freedom of movement and residence is enshrined by the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, to which the Kingdom of Bahrain acceded under Law No. 56 of 2006. Article 12 of the Covenant states that: “1. Everyone lawfully within the territory of a State shall, within that territory, have the right to liberty of movement and freedom to choose his residence; 2. Everyone shall be free to leave any country, including his own; 3. The above-mentioned rights shall not be subject to any restrictions except those which are provided by law, are necessary to protect national security, public order (ordre public), public health or morals or the rights and freedoms of others, and are consistent with the other rights recognized in the present Covenant; and 4. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of the right to enter his own country”. ‫اﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﺴﻨﻮي اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫اﻧﺴﻨﺎم‬ ‫ﻟﺤﻘﻮق‬ 6. Article 13 of the International Covenant on Civil‫اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ‬ and Political‫ﻟﻠﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ‬ Rights states that: “An alien lawfully in the territory of a State Party to the present Covenant may be expelled therefrom only in pursuance ‫ ـ ﻣﻤﻠﻜﺔ اﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ‬2015 ‫ﻟﻌﺎم‬ of a decision reached in accordance with law and shall, except where compelling reasons of national security otherwise require, be allowed to submit the reasons against his expulsion and to have his case reviewed by, and be represented for the purpose before, the competent authority or a person or persons especially designated by the competent authority”. 7.  To demonstrate this, the Human Rights Committee entrusted with the interpretation of the provisions of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, in its General Comment No. 27 28, refers to the need for any individual present lawfully in the territory of a State to have the right to freedom of movement and choice of residence within the territory. It stresses that this right should not be subject to any particular purpose for the individual looking for movement and residence, and that any restrictions on this right must be consistent with the provisions of paragraph (3) of the Covenant through a provision in the law, should be necessary to protect the national security, public order, public health, morals or the rights and freedoms of others, and should be consistent with the other rights recognized in the International Covenant. In addition, the State should ensure that this right is protected from any interference, whether from public or private parties. 8. The Human Rights Committee further emphasized the inadmissibility of the requirement for the freedom of the person to leave the territory of a country to be subject to any specific purpose or to be dependent on the period chosen to stay outside the country. The individual’s right to determine the country of destination is part of the legal guarantee. It is incumbent on the country of residence and the country of nationality to enable the individual to enjoy the right to freedom of residence and movement, through issuing the appropriate documentation of any kind for the purpose of departure. 28  eneral Comment No. 27: Article 12 freedom of Movement - issued by the Human Rights Committee emanating from the International G Covenant on Civil and Political Rights - Sixty-seventh session (1999) - Document No. (CCRR / 21 / Rev.1 / Add.9 ). 92

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