Section I: The Human Rights Situation in the Kingdom of Bahrain 1- The setting of indicators for the human rights conditions in any system grounded in the principle of the rule of law is based on two main standards, firstly: it is represented in the necessity for the applicable legislations to be compatible with international standards and resolutions pertaining to human rights, and secondly: the necessity for the practical practices of authorities applying human rights to be in harmony with those standards and resolutions. 2- Hence, the situation of human rights in the Kingdom of Bahrain will be addressed alongside the developments related to those rights or obstacles, by means of overviewing the foremost laws or legislative decrees issued within the time scope of the Report and the extent of their harmony with international resolutions related to human rights, not to mention overviewing the practical exercises of some rights. 3- At the level of national legislations, the NIHR has monitored a number of national legislations related to human rights, and by reviewing those legislations it became evident that most of them are harmonious with international standards, whilst the NIHR observed that some of those legislations impinge or affect human rights. ‫اﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﺴﻨﻮي اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ 4- Among those legislations which were compatible with international standards and which may ‫اﻧﺴﻨﺎم‬ ‫ﻟﺤﻘﻮق‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ‬ enhance the human rights situation in the Kingdom was the enactment of Law Number (9) for 2015 ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﻠﻜﺔ‬ ‫ ـ‬2015 related to the enactment of the Arbitration Law, which regulated‫ﻟﻌﺎم‬ issues related to arbitration in civil and commercial transactions in a manner compatible with UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration for 1985 amended in 2006 which were enacted pursuant to the UN General Assembly resolutions (40/72) and (61/33) consecutively. 5- The NIHR lauds the enactment of legislative decree Number (23) for the year 2015 amending some of the provisions of the Court of Cassation Law enacted by virtue of legislative decree Number (8) for the year 1989, and legislative decree Number (24) for the year 2015 amending some of the provisions of the Judicial Authority Law issued by legislative decree Number (42) for the year 2002 which included creating the Court of Cassation within the Shariah courts in their Sunni and Ja`afari sides and regulating issues related to challenging final judgment ending disputes, which is in harmony with the right to enjoy guarantees to a fair trial in accordance with internationals human rights standards. 6- Moreover, the enactment of Law Number (6) for the year 2015 concerning the conflict of laws in civil and commercial matters which are of a foreign element represents a genuine addition guaranteeing litigants of a foreign element to enjoy their rights in case of conflict of laws, with a view to achieving equality and non-discrimination insofar as enjoying the various rights and public freedoms. 74