valley of the 2nd unit of Ponghcang-ni Village. I was told that No. 14 would encompass the entire area of Pongchang-ni. There was a place called No. 12 inside a valley, on the right side of No. 14, and the other side of Taedong River from No. 18. Wonpyong-ni is the name of the village.” (A09, former prisoner, from PPC No. 18, 1975~2000) “We lived in the Popi area, Soksan-ni, Pukchang County, South Pyongan Province, prior to 1984. Newly arrived people lived in the areas of Paektan, Tukchang, Kalkol, Myonghak and Chamsan. Then, many people were released after 1984. After that, there was a big change in the situation. In 1991, entire areas were removed from restriction. In the Tukchang Control Center where I lived, there was a prisoner release in 1984 and once more in 1985. Those of lesser crimes were released and allowed to meet their relatives. Those prisoners of serious crimes were all sent to Pongchang.” (A 01, witness from PPC No. 18) “The control area in Tukchang, Pukchang County, South Pyongan Province, adjoins Kaechon County on the west and Tokchon County on the north. I passed two barbed wires and the first place I arrived was a mine inside the Suan valley, gloomy and dismal like hell. There are many PPCs but PPC No. 18 is the only PPC under the control of the Prison Bureau, People’s Police, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. In 2006, there were a number of problems including a few escape attempts from PPC No. 18. As a result, PPC No. 18 was relocated to Omok Valley, Sunchang-dong, Yongwon-ni, Kaechon County, South Pyongan Province, during a 5-day period, 2125 August. The new place was a natural prison surrounded by tall mountains.” (0 Myong-o, former prisoner from PPC No. 18) 51