Independent Māori Statutory Board.................................................................................................... 32
Kāwana accountability to Tangata Whenua............................................................................................... 34
Kāwanatanga........................................................................................................................................... 34
Te Rōpū Whakamana i te Tiriti o Waitangi - Waitangi Tribunal......................................................... 35
Māori Health Authority........................................................................................................................... 36
MAIHI Whare Wānanga.......................................................................................................................... 36
Mutual accountability – Tangata Whenua and Kāwana............................................................................ 39
Ngā Taonga Whitiāhua me ngā Taonga Kōrero New Zealand Film Archive.................................... 40
Tūpuna Maunga o Tāmaki Makaurau Authority................................................................................. 41
International models of indigenous accountability................................................................................... 42
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Anindilyakwa Land Council.................................................... 42
Ekiti, Ondo State Nigeria........................................................................................................................ 44
Part Four: Te Tiriti analysis and discussion..........................................................................................45
Tino rangatiratanga: Māori self-determination and responsibility to Māori......................................... 46
How could tino rangatiratanga apply to the housing sphere?.......................................................... 46
Housing connecting whānau and whenua.......................................................................................... 47
Kāwanatanga: the role of the Kāwana........................................................................................................ 47
Other accountabilities: mutual, individual and public accountability.............................................. 48
Cultural competency............................................................................................................................... 48
Ōritetanga: equity, responsibility, and accountability.............................................................................. 49
Emergency, social housing and dependency....................................................................................... 49
Wairuatanga: wairua and spirituality.......................................................................................................... 50
Part Five: Conclusion and recommendations......................................................................................51
Model A: A Māori Housing Authority........................................................................................................... 53
Model B: An independently appointed kāhui............................................................................................ 55
Model C: A mutual accountability mechanism.......................................................................................... 56
Endnotes................................................................................................................................................... 57
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Te Kāhui Tika Tangata New Zealand Human Rights Commission Housing Inquiry