Concepts, terms and definitions Accountability NHRI recognition and acknowledgement of responsibilities, and being answerable to its community partner/s. Bottom-up approach Expertise is located in the community which determines the direction and makes the key decisions. Community Wherever people live, work and play. Communities can be geographical, functional or based on a common identity. Development A process that results in growth, progress, and positive change. Duty bearers Those most able to defend or violate others’ rights. Free, prior, informed consent Community/ies can provide, withhold, or withdraw consent at any point regarding actions from outside that impact on them. Human rights community-led development A process that prioritises ‘bottom-up’ and ‘insider’ knowledge, values and experience when a community determines how it will address the human rights issues impacting on it. Human rights facilitation Supporting others to take action to improve human rights conditions. Influencers Those most able to influence other’s opinions and actions. Inputs The resources the community requires to achieve its outcomes. Insider / outsider Refers to community members and those external to the community. Local power Decision-making is in the hands of the community. Outcomes What the community wants to achieve; the impact it wishes to make. Outputs / Activities What the community will need to do (activities), or to produce (outputs), to reach its outcomes. Participatory engagement Ensuring the involvement of all in those decisions that impact on them. Rights holders Everyone, in particular those most vulnerable to human rights violations Self-determination Top-down approach APF HRCLD Guide A community’s ability to make choices and manage its own direction. It links with sovereignty, autonomy and independence. Others (in this case the NHRI) determines the direction for the community it is working with and makes the key decisions. 5