H. Issuance of Clearances and Certifications The CHR issues clearances and certificates as part of helping government agencies comply to, employ, and maintain the optimum possible standards and ethics in performing their administrative tasks. This includes hiring personnel and satisfying other purposes such as facilitating procedures for participation to international missions, schooling, promotion, confirmation, nomination, optional retirement, and compulsory retirement, but more so, to determine their human rights accountability. The issuance of CHR clearance and certifications accommodates the requirements of specific sectors such as the Philippine National Police (PNP), Philippine Army (PA), Philippine Navy (PN), Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) and other requesting parties particularly those intending to join government offices in providing public service. The other rationale for issuing the clearance and certificate is to determine the participant or the client’s personal and professional data and records. This verifies whether they have no record of human rights violations, with record of human rights violations, or with pending resolution of human rights violations. The ultimate purpose is to reduce the risk and costs of signing up unreliable personnel with substandard merits in the crucial posts and assignments. In sum, the clearing process aims to determine eligibility or non-eligibility for government service. The Internal Legal Services Division (ILSD) of the CHR primarily performs the task of issuing clearances and certificates. Issued clearances counted 1,221 for the year released to mostly the Philippine National Police (PNP) with 321, Philippine Army (PA) with 272, Philippine Navy (PN) with 168, Philippine Air Force (PAF)/Armed Forces of the Philippine (AFP) with 196, and an unspecified group of applicants/recipients numbering 133. Clearances were issued for the purposes of UN mission (220), schooling abroad (199), domestic schooling (254), promotion (165), confirmation (236), nomination (54), compulsory retirement (1), travel abroad (5), and unspecified others (106). In all, 1,240 were released. Number of Clearances by Purpose 5 54 1 106 220 236 199 165 254 UN mission Schooling Abroad Domestic Schooling Promotion Confirmation Nomination Compulsary Retirement Travel Abroad Others I. Forensic Services Rendered Providing forensic support through the employment of Forensic Services quality forensic is a crucial feature of the entire program of services whose goal is to produce objective findings towards the credible resolution of human rights cases. CHR’s collaboration with forensic scientists aids the entire CHR investigative system in conducting unbiased and competent enquiry into the cases presented for the Commission’s intervention. It is necessary that the Commission’s forensic work entail availing of the expertise of its own specialists while at the same time Exhumations/ Medico-Legal partnering with specialists from relevant agencies of Examinations government (such as the law enforcement agencies and the NGOs) to corroborate and solidify findings. Particularly when faced with medical/clinical cases involving legal significance, the task depends 40 16