4.3 Dr. Luhut Pangaribuan, Chair of Indonesian Advocates Association (PERADI) – RBA expressed his gratitude for the opportunity to participate in this conference, also to SUHAKAM Malaysia for their kind invitation for him to become one of the speakers. As a chairman of PERADI, he can confirm that the issues to be discussed in this conference had been an issue of concern for a long-time for advocates, including those in Indonesia. Administration of Judiciary – Restoration and Rehabilitation Dr. Luhut shared the view of Indonesian advocates about the restoration and rehabilitation in the administration of judiciary especially from his association. Based on his experience, the condition of penitentiaries in Indonesia is terrible and they face continuous problems such as the authorized body, namely the House of Representatives as the legislator was lacking efforts to address issues known to public. 1. Issues Surrounding Correctional Institution (Penitentiary) Dr. Luhut highlighted issues surrounding penitentiary in Indonesia which are not new to public knowledge such as: 1) Overcrowding 2) Inadequate existing facilities and health services 3) Unproductive activities of inmates 4) Insufficient human rights training 5) Low wages for an already insufficient numbers of wardens and prison staffs The abovementioned issues were developing into human rights violations and penitentiaries were blamed since they are the body authorised to household offenders and to manage them. In this matter, Dr Luhut shared his opinion that the Conference has a great significance as it provides input and inserts awareness on how to attend the matters in jurisdiction. 2. Judiciary System in Indonesia: Detention and Inmates Prior to discussing the main issues, Dr. Luhut had briefly elaborated about judiciary system of Indonesia as well as the concept of ‘prisoning’ in penitentiary which consists of detention for pre-judgement stage and inmates for post-judgement. Prison as the institution where inmates serving their sentence, is part of penal judiciary sub-system known as post adjudication. Other sub-systems of penal judiciary are the investigators carried by police, state civil servant investigator, state attorneys and the Commission of Corruption Eradication, as well as advocates and court judges. In general, penal judiciary system in Indonesia followed the civil law system, adopted by continental european countries particularly the Netherlands. Dr. Luhut elaborated further that police, prosecutor and judge which are regarded as law enforcement agents who possess the authority to decide imprisonment of a person, whether as a detainee or later as an inmate. Since penal procedural law in Indonesia provides a huge discretion for officers to exercise detention, such measure 49