f) Dress code checks indeed affect performance evaluations. Among the actual standards of Taiwanese airlines, two explicitly state that non-compliance with dress code requirements will result in a warning or more severe penalty, with one of these airlines indicating that such non-compliance will affect performance evaluations, clearly constituting direct adverse treatment. Further examination of individual dress codes reveals that even airlines that do not explicitly specify rewards or penalties impose shoe, stocking, makeup, and hair regulations on female cabin crew. These regulations inevitably require female cabin crew to spend more labor, time, and money compared to male cabin crew; 44 the process of checking for compliance with the dress code is also very cumbersome. One airline even stated, “If a cabin crew member fail to follow the dress code and do not correct the issue on the spot, pursers will deduct points on the member’s online evaluation. However, the percentage of cabin crew actually receiving such penalties is extremely low, and cabin crew have many ways to earn extra points, so the actual negative effect of dress code non-compliance on performance evaluations is minimal.” Nonetheless, female cabin crew still face the need to spend more time and effort on remedies to earn points and achieve the same evaluation scores as male cabin crew do. When interviewed, one cabin crew mentioned that “Reports and requests 44 For example, a media report indicated that the Labor Court in the state of Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil, ruled that GOL Airlines’ mandatory makeup requirement for female employees, which resulted in lower female employee wages compared with those of male employees, constituted gender discrimination. GOL Airlines was thus ordered to pay its female cabin crew and ground staff a makeup allowance of R$220 (approximately NT$1,200 per month), an additional allowance for items such as manicures and hair removal, and a total of R$500,000 (approximately NT$2.5 million) in damages for emotional distress. See: Central News Agency (September 10, 2021). “Brazilian Labor Court Sets a Precedent, Rules for Airline to Pay Female Employees’ Makeup Expenses,” São Paulo Comprehensive Foreign News Report. 55