“maternal wall” phenomena, whereas the latter refers to the “glass ceiling” phenomenon. 42 These two phenomena have long existed and are difficult to break in the cabin crew profession. In fact, it was only in recent years that some airlines began to hire a small number of male cabin crew. The gender ratio among cabin crew in Taiwanese airlines shows a stark disparity; i.e., there is marked gender-based occupational segregation (Tables 1 and 2, p. 13). Employers and companies in the workplace are, to a certain extent and within reasonable limits, entitled to establish dress codes based on the characteristics of their businesses. However, under the provisions of the Constitution of the Republic of China (Taiwan) and the Gender Equality in Employment Act, such dress codes should not reinforce gender stereotypes. Data compiled by the Civil Aviation Administration indicates that while approximately 40% of airlines in the Asian region and nearly 100% of airlines in the European, American, New Zealand, and Australian regions offer both skirt and trouser uniforms, only roughly 17% of Taiwanese airlines offer trouser uniforms. This is a significant gap.43 A general observation of the dress codes of Taiwanese airlines reveals that the gender stereotype of “women should dress like women and men should dress like men,” dictates the attire and appearance of cabin crew. Gender stereotypes are both a cause and a consequence; this adverse outcome has a profound impact on women, deepening gender-based occupational segregation among cabin crew in the aviation industry and forming what the CEDAW Committee concept note refers to as a “self-reinforcing cycle.” M.C., Liu (2019) “The Lingering Ghost of Patriarchy in the Workplace—The Impact of and Strategies Against Gender Stereotypes.” Gender Equality Committee, Executive Yuan website: Gender Notes. 43 Minutes of the Civil Aviation Administration, Ministry of Transportation and Communications discussion meeting on the work attire and uniforms of female cabin crew to uphold the spirit of the United Nations’ Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) recorded on January 4, 2024. 42 54

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