11. The Government passed legislation on gender-sensitive budget analysis and Gender Impact Assessment to outline gender-sensitive policy. However, specific action plans to realize gender mainstreaming still need to be developed while the ROK ranked 61st out of 109 nations in the Gender Empowerment Measure in 2009, female representation in the public sector and the ratio of female in specialized jobs remain low and income disparity between men and women is high. In addition, education and publicity activities should continue, in order to improve public awareness of gender mainstreaming. 12. The CEDAW Committee recommended that the ROK take adequate measures to prevent indirect as well as direct discrimination in light of Article 1 of CEDAW. In this regard, a law which prohibits indirect (as well as direct) discrimination needs to be enacted. The patriarchal family registration system (Hojuje) was abolished in 2005 and the Act on Family Relation Registration, Etc. entered into force in 2008, which made the family registration system to be individual-oriented rather than householder (mainly male)-centered. Those changes subsequently helped raise the status of women in the family. However, Article 781 of the Civil Law stipulates that the surname of a child basically follows that of his or her father’s, with some exceptions where a child can choose his or her own. Based on this provision, the Government has not withdrawn its reservation to Article 16 paragraph 1(g) of CEDAW. 13. The NHRCK’s recommendations to the Government to hire more professional staff to work on refugee issues and to prepare evaluation criteria and procedures for granting refugee status were accepted. Consequently, the Refugee Division was established in the Ministry of Justice. The Government needs to expand job training and language courses for refugees. Also, legislative reform needs to be undertaken in order to establish a refugee support system in accordance with the purpose of the Refugee Law that will enter into force in July 2013. B. Regarding Recommendations Which were not Fully Accepted by the Government 14. A legislative amendment was proposed to reform Article 732 of the Commercial Law, however, was not passed. The article stipulates that “an insurance contract stating that the death of a person who is non compos mentis is an insurable contingency becomes null”, which imposes restrictions on the ability of persons with disabilities to get life insurance. Since the provision was originally intended to protect people with mental disabilities from insurance crime, the Government should find a balance between the value of its purpose and the need of people with disabilities to purchase life insurance, and amend the relevant clause accordingly. Furthermore, the Government should withdraw its reservation to Article 25, paragraph (e) of CRPD and adopt the Optional Protocol to CRPD. 15. Abolition of the National Security Act (NSA) was seriously discussed at the 17th National Assembly from 2004 to 2007, but was not concluded. More recently, the prosecution of political offenses under the NSA has continued, and a debate over restrictions on freedom of expression and academic freedom is still underway. Taking into consideration the possibility of human rights violations due to the NSA, the Government should prepare measures including legislative amendments with the aim of preventing abusive application of the law and infringement of human rights. 16. The Government did not accept the NHRCK’s recommendation on the amendment or abolishment of the Security Observation Act, which is a law that is considered to have a 3