3. Sexual Exploitation (Article 34 of CRC) Child Sexual Abuse (CRC/C/KOR/3-4, para. 254; CRC/C/KOR/Q/3-4, para. 31~33, 50, 61~62 and 82-4) 95. The Government has increased protection of the victims of child sexual abuse in the course of criminal proceedings, but the problem of secondary damage remains unresolved. In effect, the investigators, in many cases, have the victims of sexual abuse make repeated statements, induce them to make wanted statements or fail to take into consideration of the characteristics of children’s statements. According to the Measures to Prevent Repeated Child Sexual Violence and Protect Children released by the Korean Women’s Development Institute in 2008, in 34% of the cases of child sexual violence, the victims had to repeat their statement in the process of investigation. Despite the presence of the dedicated investigator system, the investigators cannot be trained to have sufficient expertise, because they are transferred to other assignments after working for one year or two. In the process of interrogation, a child victim is supposed to be accompanied by a person he/she trusts, but in some cases, he/she was accompanied mistakenly by the person who was in favor of the offender. Furthermore, protection is not sufficient for the victims who are to give testimony in court: for instance, the courts of law in Korea have little space for a child to wait in before taking the witness stand in court. 96. Schools have a legal obligation to provide sexual education and preventive education on sexual violence to the students, but their performance report is simply a formality. The question has been raised about effectiveness of the education programs at school, since schools usually conduct a one-off program on prevention of sexual abuse, by giving a lecture in the auditorium or broadcasting a lecture to the whole students or giving out printed materials. 97. Starting from June 2009, medical treatment under custody has been conducted for the criminals of sexual violence with sexual disposition. This program, however, has been criticized for neither having clear standards for evaluation nor providing systematic and specialized treatment. The other programs that are operated by correctional institutions are usually short-lived or inconsistent. It is required to secure specialized workforce and develop such programs as are tailored to the characteristics of target groups. Besides, there are no accurate data or evaluations on the status and effectiveness of the policy measures to prevent repeated crimes. 98. NHRCK recommended in June 2010 that the Government should improve the policy measures to protect human rights of child victims of sexual violence and support them. To the end, the Government first should strengthen the protection for a child victim in the process of criminal proceedings, by ensuring that all of the concerned parties, including police officers, participate in the session of the child victim’s initial statement; the rotational position system is improved or incentives are offered for long-term engagement and a special investigation team is organized; the law is upgraded to prevent abuse of the provision that the child victim is accompanied by the person he/she trusts, and the court arrangements are more child-friendly. Second, the Government should take actions to ensure that schools are more active and responsive in providing preventive education on sexual violence. Third, it should establish correctional education and medical treatment programs for the criminals 27