(c) The Committee’s findings in favour of Mr Richards and Mr Zentveld apply to all survivors in the Lake Alice.193 (d) The State has not properly acknowledged its responsibility and it has not held individual perpetrators to account nor provided holistic redress in a timely manner.194 177. The Royal Commission concluded:195 It is wrong that no one has ever been found accountable and that survivors are still waiting for justice. The story of the Lake Alice Child and Adolescent unit is a shameful chapter in the history of Aotearoa New Zealand, which must be faced head-on without excuses or explanations, but with a determination to accept the injustice, make proper amends and ensure this tragedy never happens again. 178. The Government responded to the report saying that the children and young people were “subject to terrible abuse and neglect.” It admitted the “systematic failure in the care of patients at the unit” and the “unsatisfactory results” that a series of investigations into abuse at the unit had delivered.196 Redress Hearing 179. The executive summary to the redress hearing highlighted the systemic, widespread nature of abuses inflicted against children in state and faith-based care, and the lack of accountability and redress afforded to them:197 Neither State nor faith-based institutions were willing to accept the widespread abuse that could have easily been uncovered. The scale of the abuse was simply too horrific to acknowledge, the financial ramifications too huge to contemplate. So they told themselves these cases were not symptomatic of any wider problem… Many survivors suffered horrific physical and sexual violence, such as rape and violent treatment of children. There was psychological and emotional abuse, discrimination because of race or disability, isolation, improper use of medical procedures as punishment. Much of this was criminal, and some of it was torture… It is incomprehensible that human beings could behave like this towards another. What is just as baffling is how those in authority failed in their responses to survivors’ requests for redress. It was clear survivors had been deeply harmed by their time in the institutions that were entrusted to care for them. How, in the face of this, could anyone not be shocked and stirred into action? 180. The Royal Commission issued a set of 95 recommendations in its Redress Report198, the first of which is to establish a puretumu torowhānui (holistic redress) for survivors. Among the recommendations are: 193 Ibid., at p. 334, [987]. Ibid., at Conclusions, p. 342, [991]. 195 Ibid., at [993]. The Report did not include recommendations as these will be included in the final report for the Royal Commission, which is due in March 2024. 196 Royal Commission Lake Alice report (15 December 2022) available at https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/royalcommission-lake-alice-report. 197 Abuse in Care “From Redress to Puretumu – Executive Summary”, available at: https://www.abuseincare.org.nz/ourprogress/reports/from-redress-to-puretumu/from-redress-to-puretumu-4/he-karakia-3/. 198 See above. 194 41