2.2.10. The Rights of Senior Citizens Senior citizens, the pioneers of the family, society and the nation, when they become financially, physically and mentally weak, it is seen that the trend of keeping them in the old age home is increasing. Due to the influence of western culture, migration, foreign employment, etc. converting the joint family into a single family has also affected the senior citizens. The monitoring of the Commission shows that the financially weak senior citizens are forced to do various kinds of labor to meet their basic needs. 2.2.11. The Right to Environment The environmental problems are increasing day by day with the development in Nepal. Excessive use of plastic bags, bottles and plastic products is contaminating the environment. The main causes of environmental pollution are the use of ballast, sand, stone extraction from natural resources including from rivers, exploitation of Chure area, unmanaged sewage system, unmanaged disposal of hospital waste, industrial pollution including cement, air and noise pollution, use of pesticides, chemicals and fertilizers. The right to live in a clean and healthy environment has been hindered due to indiscriminate road construction, floods, landslides, and the impact of climate change. Weak regulation, poor implementation of environmental impact assessment has affected urban areas. At the same time, the historical heritages listed in the World Heritage Site should also be wellorganized and protected. 2.2.12. Human Trafficking and Transportation The Commission has been monitoring, studying and investigating the issue of human trafficking a crime against humanity since its inception. The problem of human trafficking has not been properly addressed due to open borders, weak and traditional border regulation, lack of bilateral collaboration and coordination. According to the report of the Commission, approximately 1000 women and children are rescued from India and returned to Nepal every year. The sex market, forced agricultural labor, domestic workers are being trafficked to India and smuggled to third countries through India. Especially in the Gulf countries, human trafficking and smuggling is taking place in the name of foreign employment. In European countries, including Australia, people are being trafficked in the name of tourist visa, study visa, marriage visa and working visa. 2.2.13. Transitional Justice Victims from the state party and the then rebel force during the conflict are still awaiting justice. Due to the ineffectiveness of the functioning of the transitional justice mechanisms, action has not been taken against the perpetrators of human rights violations, 14 National Human Rights Commission of Nepal