services to the areas that are accessible by land transportation, leaving
the interior villages, numbering 323 villages out of a total of 869, to the
JHEOA.
Nevertheless, there are major shortfalls in health service provision to the
Orang Asli. The JHEOA itself, in its Orang Asli Community Health Action
Plan (JHEOA 2005), points to the lack of comprehensive health services in
the interior villages. The same document attributes the falling admissions
rate in Gombak Hospital, now a 166-bed hospital, to the shunting of Orang
Asli patients to MOH facilities. There are, however, other organizational
problems that may be related to this.
Since the early 1990s, there has been no governmental recruitment of Orang
Asli paramedics or health providers. This is diametrically opposite to the
policy adopted by Dr. Bolton and his team in the 1960s. There has been no
official reason for this but some past officers of JHEOA have attributed this
state of affairs to the prejudices of certain JHEOA decision-makers, while
the JHEOA on its part contends that there were no qualified applicants
from the Orang Asli for these roles.
This time period was also marked by a high level of corruption in the JHEOA
as acknowledged by a former senior officer of the JHEOA (Mohd. Tap 1990:
84, 104). Newspapers even reported that hospital staff had turned parts of
the Gombak hospital premises into daylight gambling dens (Berita Harian, 3
March 1984, 10 March 1984).
Orang Asli were often treated condescendingly or berated when some
minor error or omission occurred. As such, many Orang Asli said that
they did want to go to the hospital because the employees did not treat
them with respect (cf. Gianno 2004: 64) or because they were insensitive,
discriminatory, and unfriendly (Harrison 2001).
This is not to suggest that there are no instances of exemplary dedication
and sensitive dispensation of healthcare to the Orang Asli today. We
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