100 Chasing the Wind: Assessing Philippine Democracy, Second Edition (JELACC 2008). The council also aims to “identify issues pertaining to the primacy of the rule of law and formulate and undertake solutions to strengthen due process and the institutions of justice, and implement our laws better” (JELACC 2008). The Council can focus on how their collaboration could strengthen the transparency and controllability aspects of accountability as crucial rst steps in establishing a more effective punitive accountability. The Council can also address the issue of the scal autonomy of the Supreme Court, and work out rules regarding custody of the ling fees and other related issues. In fact a recent Memorandum of Agreement implemented the salary increases for the judiciary. The scal autonomy of the Supreme Court would help insure its independence in interpreting the Constitution, executive orders and statutes. The long-term approach to strengthen horizontal accountability should be a partnership between the government and civil society, a public-private partnership (See Holmes 2011). This partnership should concentrate in institutionalizing transparency, controllability and answerability. While there are existing civil society groups that are engaging the government in areas of transparency to prevent corruption, and participation in policy-making, these groups have not marshaled the support of the so-called silent majority. Leaders of civil society, political parties, religious organizations and private individuals should be more resolute in their efforts to expand the membership and support for civil society groups. Beyond the broader and deeper participation of civil society, there is a more pressing task of organizing and mobilizing the public or government component of this partnership. A coalition of government ofcials and functionaries who support the agenda of reform is needed. Leaders of Congress and the judiciary should lead this public component of the partnership. There are also the constitutional bodies like the Ombudsman, Commission on Audit, Civil Service Commission and the Commission on Human Rights which are the natural allies of civil society in the private-public partnership for institutional reform towards the attainment of our country's substantive democracy. The active leadership of reform-oriented political leaders and civil servants are imperative. The decisive steps taken by the heads of the Ofce of the Ombudsman, Department of Justice and the Commission on Audit in the ght against delegative authority could hopefully start the long process of institutionalizing horizontal accountability.