way of life including generating their incomes through sustainable farming, rubber
tapping and hunting. 77
This form of co-management between the authorities and indigenous communities
is also being considered for the proposed gazetting of the Tun Mustapha Park
which is a marine area currently utilised by the IP. The Park is to be gazetted for
the purpose of protecting habitats to support the livelihood of artisanal and
commercial fisheries and to alleviate the socio-economic condition of the local
indigenous communities. Government agencies, including Sabah Parks, Sabah
Fisheries Department, Universiti Malaysia Sabah and the Land and Survey
Department, NGOs, WWF-Malaysia and the local indigenous communities are
working together to make this project a realisation. 78
(v)
Poverty Eradication
Poverty eradication is a constant aim set to be achieved by the Malaysian Government
and is evident from its repeated inclusion as one of the major thrusts since the very first
Malaysia Plan 1966 – 1970. 79 As a result, the incidence of poverty in Malaysia has
significantly reduced from 49.3% 80 in 1970 to 1.7% 81 in 2012, while the incidence of
hardcore poverty decreased from 6.9% 82 to 0.2 83in the same period. Correspondingly, the
Laili Ismail, ‘Wild wonders of Crocker Range’ New Straits Times (8 May 2014) <http://www2.nst.com.my/lifetimes/holiday/wild-wonders-of-crocker-range-1.590021>; Ludi Apin et al., ‘Community Use Zone of Crocker
Range Park, Sabah, Malaysia’ delivered at the 1st Asia Park Congress, Sendai, JAPAN, 14-15 November
2013<http://asia-parks.org/pdf/wg2/APC_WG3-08_Ludi%20Apin.pdf>; Daily Express, ‘Crocker Range accorded
Biosphere
reserve
status’
Daily
Express
(Kuala
Lumpur,
20
October
2014)
<http://www.dailyexpress.com.my/news.cfm?NewsID=92397>accessed
21
October
2014;
PACOS Trust (n 71) 11
78
Sabah
Parks,
‘The
Sabah
Parks
Board
of
Trustees’<http://www.sabahparks.org.my/eng/events/event_details.asp?eventsid=99>accessed 4 March 2013
79
Economic Planning Unit (EPU), First Malaysia Plan 1966-1970, 2; EPU, Second Malaysia Plan 1971-1975, 1;
EPU, Third Malaysia Plan 1976-1980, 44-50, 159-198; EPU, Fourth Malaysia Plan 1981-1985, 155, 170-177;
EPU, Fifth Malaysia Plan 1986-1990, 16-19; EPU, Sixth Malaysia Plan 1991-1995, 3, 4, 63 80; EPU, Seventh
Malaysia Plan 1996-2000, 12-14, 69-99; EPU, Eighth Malaysia Plan 2001-2005, 4-6, 9-11, 55-83; EPU, Ninth
Malaysia Plan 2006 – 2010, 34-37, 323-353< http://www.epu.gov.my/en/previous-plans>accessed 8
September 2014; EPU, Tenth Malaysia Plan 2011-2015, 18-19, 140-188 <http://www.epu.gov.my/eputheme/RMKE10/rmke10_english.html>accessed 8 September 2014
80
EPU,
Incidence
of
Poverty
by
Ethnicity,
Strata
and
State,
Malaysia,
1970-2012,
<http://www.epu.gov.my/documents/10124/669145a4-1b34-4f04-9043-31b24d1c3442>accessed 31 July 2014
81
Ibid.
82
EPU, Incidence of Hardcore Poverty by Ethnicity, Strata and State, Malaysia, 1984-2012,
<http://www.epu.gov.my/documents/10124/ea7c59c2-3eb8-453e-8f11-0627d71200b8>
accessed
10 September 2014
83
Ibid.
77
22