For those aspiring to emigrate to Australia, their or their family member’s disability and/or health conditions may form grounds for the refusal of their visa application, as well as those of their families. For most visas,53 migrants will be refused entry where their disability would impose a ‘significant cost’ on the Australian community or prejudice access by Australian citizens to health or community care.54 Disproving that a disability will not impose ‘significant cost’ is a high threshold to meet, setting standards that people with disability do not or cannot meet. 55 Australia’s restrictive health requirements have been roundly criticised as breaching rights enshrined in the UNCRPD.56 While these restrictions were designed to prevent the spread of infectious diseases and minimise pressure on Australia’s health system, these health requirements make no distinction between ‘disease’ and ‘disability’, meaning that people suffering from infectious diseases and persons with disabilities are treated in the same way.57 Participants did not explicitly raise issues about the experiences of older persons with a disability from negatively racialised communities. It has been observed elsewhere that there is limited research about the experiences of older people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds with a disability.58 A recent inquiry into support for older Victorians from migrant and refugee backgrounds led by the Legislative Assembly Legal and Social Issues Committee in Victoria reiterated this, finding that there is limited research, as well as data collection, on the experiences of culturally diverse older Victorians, particularly as it relates to disability. 59 The Commission notes that older persons, particularly First Nations people and migrants and refugees, are particularly vulnerable to discrimination and can face additional barriers in accessing services and support. The Commission acknowledges that further development of a framework must give specific attention to how older age can compound the barriers experienced by negatively racialised communities. Future findings from the ongoing Royal Commission into Violence, Abuse, Neglect and Exploitation of People with Disability will inform this work. Women Echoed across consultations and submissions was how race and gender discrimination often blend, each affecting and amplifying the other to create unique experiences and forms of discrimination across many social contexts, such as workplaces and the justice system. The Commission heard how datasets neglect the experiences of First Nations women and women from migrant, refugee, and faith-based communities that are negatively racialised. Data collected on key outcomes must be analysed through metrics related to gender and race; examples include the ethnic pay gap, data on women of colour and of diverse backgrounds in formal leadership positions (equivalent to VPS 6 and above), women in the justice system (e.g. arrested and incarcerated, fines and justice outcomes) and women in politics. — submission from the Victorian Public Sector Women of Colour Network, NARF project, May 2021 – April 2022 National Anti-Racism Framework Scoping Report 2022 | 67