o 75% of Māori children and 22% of non- Māori children killed by CAN resided in the most deprived neighbourhoods ➢ There were 45 intrafamilial violence (IFV) death events 17. o 70% of the deaths were male and 30% female o Māori were four times more likely to be deceased and five times more likely to be offenders in IFV deaths than non-Māori o 55% of the IFV deceased and 47% of offenders lived in the most socioeconomically deprived neighbourhoods o 89% of the Māori deceased and 32 % of the non-Māori deceased lived in the most deprived neighbourhoods. The Government’s Family Violence Death Review Committee stated:16 To understand the over-representation of Māori as deceased and offenders in all family violence deaths, the historical and contemporary consequences of colonisation must be acknowledge. For Māori, the impacts were and are destructive and pervasive. Violence against Māori w��hine (women) and mokopuna (children and grandchildren) is not part of traditional Māori culture. Rather, the violence within whānau seen today reflects the patriarchal norms of the colonising culture as well as trauma from the widespread fragmentation of Māori social structures that were enforced during and after colonisation. 18. The Committee advocates for Kaupapa Māori responses to preventing violence. In this regard, it notes:17 Preventing violence within whānau is complex. It involves reclaiming mātauranga Māori bodies of knowledge, strengthening cultural identity and restoring connections to renew the protectiveness that cultural traditions offer. It also requires a long-term commitment from Government and mainstream services to address structural inequities and institutional racism – forms of violence that have contributed to the current levels of violence within whānau. 19. The Government is committed to addressing the high levels of violence and abuse in New Zealand and has established a substantial work programme which touches on law and policy, awareness raising, training and support, and culture change. This work is substantive and ongoing. 20. For example, in 2014 the Government established a Ministerial Group comprising Ministers responsible for 16 portfolios who are committed to making collective decisions to systematically improve the whole family violence system in New Zealand. In addition to 16 17 Supra note 5 at 11. Ibid. 4