voluntarily. School administrators may decide on teachers and other employees then schedule based on careful analysis of risks and benefits.”177 Nevertheless, both student participants and teachers find the vaccination policy in face-to-face classes discriminatory because some remain unvaccinated due to health reasons, and some parents choose not to vaccinate their children but insist on making them attend face-to-face classes. Not fully vaccinated teachers must present a negative RT-PCR or antigen test once every two weeks. Moreover, one participant from DepEd further notes that teachers feel such policy also violates equal protection and has led to serious confusion to the extent that one school principal filed charges against a teacher for violation of reasonable office rules and regulations, while the teacher filed a countersuit against the principal for grave coercion. Teachers, school administrators, and principals Out-of-pocket expenses of teachers 126. Teachers had to cover additional expenses. Teacher participants from public schools and state universities and colleges relate that they had to buy additional supplies for the classrooms using their own money for plastic barriers and alcohol, which the school administration and management did not provide nor reimburse. Youth Availability of devices and programs 127. Students lacked available devices and programs. Participants from state universities and colleges and public SHS related that schools could not provide the devices for remote learning to every one of their students because of limited resources, and some prioritize giving them to the teachers, which the students understand. However, the students could not participate in the online classes because they had no means as well, nor did they have their own devices and gadgets to join in their classes online. Shifting to online modalities 128. Students and teachers alike had a hard time adapting to online learning. Both students and teachers had to learn and re-learn online modalities in the quickest time possible because of the sudden transition and urgent need. Mental health and general health of students and families 129. 177 The students’ mental health and general health of their families were affected. As students were forced to stay at home, it affected their own mental health, but they were also concerned and directly affected by the well-being and general health of those in their households. Id. 50