establish indirect immersions and ensure students have completed Grade 12 and are equipped to enter the industry. They also conduct career awareness programs. 62. However, in a case study by San Pedro and Angon (2013) on the implementation of the MDG Fund Joint Programme on Alternatives to Migration: Decent Jobs for Filipino Youth in four pilot provinces (Masbate, Antique, Maguindanao, and Agusan del Sur), they observe that many PESOs are still non-institutionalized, the LGUs’ dependency on internal revenue allotment (IRA) constraints budget including that for PESO.137 Budget and human resources constraints limit local employment services provided by the PESO to clients, and a lack of private-sector employers poses a challenge to the job matching function of the PESO.138 National Youth Commission (NYC) 63. The National Youth Commission (NYC) is the policy-making coordinating body of all youth-related institutions, programs, projects, and activities of the government.139 64. Economic empowerment forms part of NYC’s Philippine Youth Development Plan 2017-2022. In this document, the NYC outlines its programs and activities to enable the youth to participate in the country’s economy as “empowered employees and/or entrepreneurs who are productively engaged in decent and gainful work and/or businesses and protected from work-related vulnerabilities such as child labor, discrimination, underemployment, and occupational hazards.”140 National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP) 65. The National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP) is mandated to serve as the primary government agency through which indigenous cultural communities/indigenous peoples (ICCs/IPs) can seek government assistance and as the medium, through which such assistance may be extended; review and assess the condition of ICCs/IPs including existing laws and policies pertinent thereto and to propose relevant laws and policies to address role in national development; formulate and implement policies, plans, programs and projects for the economic, social and cultural development of the ICCs/IPs and monitor their implementation; request and engage the services and support of experts from other agencies of government employ private experts and consultants as may be required in the pursuit of its objectives; issue certificate of ancestral land/domain title; enter into contracts, agreements, or arrangement, with government or private agencies or entities as may be necessary as subject to existing laws, and obtain loans from government lending institutions and other 137 Wilbert San Pedro & Roche Angon, Strengthening Local Employment Services To Promote Youth Employment: A Case Study, available at https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---asia/---ro-bangkok/---ilomanila/documents/publication/wcms_203581.pdf (last accessed May 26, 2022). 138 Id. at 6-8. 139 National Youth Commission, NYC Vision, Mission, and Core Values, available at https://nyc.gov.ph/vision-missioncorevalues/ (last accessed June 21, 2022). 140 National Youth Commission, Updated Philippine Youth Development Plan (PYDP) 2017–2022, at 11 (2018). 35