Introduction This report is complementary to the efforts exerted by ICHR to urge the State of Palestine to sign and ratify international human rights treaties and conventions. Among these efforts were the publications “Palestine and Its Membership as a State in the United Nations” in 2011 and “The Legal Obligations of Palestine as an Observer State in the UN” in 2012. The present report is published one year after Palestine was accorded the status of Observer State in the United Nations, and aims to explain the legal implications of ratifying the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women. It is important to mention that the President of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) issued Presidential Decree No. (19) concerning ratification of the Convention in 2009. This was considered to be a significant step towards the promotion of Palestinian women’s rights and the adoption of effective legislation and laws to conform to the content and provisions of the Convention. Despite this unilateral commitment, the PNA has not fulfilled its due obligations in this respect. At present, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women is the most important convention yet with regard to women’s rights because it addresses discrimination against women inclusively and broadly, and with a view to effect genuine change in women’s situations. It establishes the solutions and procedures which the States Parties to the Convention should take in the different fields. This is precisely what was not covered in other relevant and related conventions, as each of them only addressed certain aspects of women’s issues. A review of the provisions of the Convention highlights that the State of Palestine still needs to adapt its effective legislation and laws to conform to its content and provisions. It also reveals that positive steps need to be adopted in order to promote women’s participation in economic and political life to achieve gender equality and combat the dominant patriarchal culture. With a view to examining the extent to which Palestine is committed to the Convention, the Convention’s Committee requests from the State of Palestine an initial written report one year after ratifying the Convention and to abide by writing periodic reports once every four years about the situation of Palestinian women and the steps it has taken as a consequence of ratifying the Convention. 5