ary forests. theme of agrarian conflict based on a human rights perspective. Furthermore, the Commission responded to the escalation of agrarian conflict caused by the accelerated realization of PSN on projects in Rempang, Batam and in Air Bangis, West Pasaman Regency. Then, Commission also handled agrarian conflicts resulting from the takeover of land managed by residents who were members of the Sumberejo Pakel Tani Association. The next handling of agrarian conflict is related to the community’s rejection of the reclamation plan on the coast of Minanga Beach by PT TJ Silfanus in Manado City, North Sulawesi Province. The Commission also submitted an amicus curiae to the Supreme Court regarding land ownership disputes and criminalization by the East Manggarai Regency Regional Government. Moreover, the Commission handles the agrarian conflict between the Dayak Balusu tribe community and the Tana Tidung Regency Government due to the construction of a government center. In an effort to strengthen public awareness, the Commission uses a podcast with the Human Rights Defenders’ activism can run well if there is freedom of expression and organization to convey criticism of alleged state and corporate practices that are not in accordance with human rights values. However, human 36 G. Protecting the dignity of human rights defenders from the impact of business practices that negate human rights and the environment Apart from dedicating the struggle for democracy, human rights, the environment and social justice, human rights defenders play a role in changing social structures and orders to realize social emancipation, especially for vulnerable groups in enjoying their human rights. However, this recognition was not accompanied by measures to protect their activism. The reality shows that various political, economic, religious, state and nonstate actors carry out various threats and attacks, both physical and digital. The Commission continues to encourage the presence of the state to: (1) pay special attention to the situation of Human Rights Defenders; and (2) ensure free and safe activism of Human Rights Defenders. rights defenders’ activism has been met with resistance, through intimidation, attacks and criminalization. The Commission strives to remain consistent in protecting the activism of Human Rights Defenders. Komnas HAM RI’s protec- tion of the activism of human rights defenders is an effort to ensure that they can remain free, active and independent in fighting for human rights values so that they can contribute to the realization of the mandate of Komnas HAM RI. The Annual Report Of The National Human Rights Commission Of The Republic Of Indonesia (Komnas Ham RI) 2023