to the implementation of a security approach as one of the dimensions regulated in the SNP on Business and Human Rights. This SNP accentuates the right to regulate which should be The acceleration of infrastructure investment, especially PSN and IKN areas which is strengthened through the Job Creation Law and its derivative regulations negates the feasibility of environmental due diligence, human rights and participation of affected communities. PSN cases in Air Bangis, Rempang, and the Jakarta-Bandung highspeed train project which threaten human rights have received full attention from Komnas HAM. Komnas HAM facilitates public complaints, especially the right to welfare because it intersects with corporate activities that invest in the IKN and PSN areas. These two development areas are provided with a number of facilities, but this is not accompanied E. Development and Investment that Threaten Human Rights and the Environment President Joko Widodo’s Government encourages investment as an indicator of economic growth. The Government believes that down-streaming will create and open up significant job opportunities and thus reduce poverty. The Government plans to expand the implementation of the downstream program to other commodities, such as tin, copper, bauxite, coal, seaweed and palm oil. The space for exploitation of natural resources has been opened widely through the im- 8 used as an effort to maintain a balance between investor interests and protecting human rights and the environment. by accountability for respecting human rights and the environment. Komnas HAM, through its activities in 2023, emphasizes its view that every investment must maintain a balance between infrastructure development and protecting human rights that are potentially affected (i.e. responsible investment). plementation of the omnibus law which aims to deregulate regulations regarding human rights and the environment. It is assumed that this deregulation will facilitate the down-streaming of nickel as part of the energy transition policy. However, the politics of the energy transition have an impact on deforestation, decline in biodiversity, water and air pollution, and the shifts in people’s living spaces. Even in nickel epicenter areas, such as Sulawesi and Maluku, the percentage of poor people has actually increased when the poverty rate in other areas has fallen. The Annual Report Of The National Human Rights Commission Of The Republic Of Indonesia (Komnas Ham RI) 2023