NATIONAL ACTION 8: Strengthen national networks of Human Rights Defenders • Establish, host and resource HRD networks • Develop outreach programs with existing networks, where they exist • Support joint programs and partnerships with HRD networks • Build linkages between HRD networks and other stakeholders As the interface between civil society, government, and the international community, NHRIs are uniquely placed to build and strengthen networks of HRDs and support their agency among political actors. Many defenders may not consider themselves as HRDs or part of the human rights movement. In some contexts, HRDs working in remote locations or through clandestine associations may not have access to the protection enjoyed under more cohesive defender networks. Complementing awareness-raising of rights among HRDs, APF members commit to strengthening national HRDs networks. Depending on the circumstances and security environment, NHRIs may host networks of HRDs themselves or support national HRD peak bodies to conduct essential outreach to develop networks and expand membership. Where robust networks already exist, APF members will work in partnership with those networks to enable them to strengthen the protection and other activities they deliver to HRDs. NHRI facilitated networks may also include other stakeholders to participate in activities, including international agencies, the private sector, security institutions and other CSOs. CASE STUDY Afghanistan Independent Human Rights Commission – HRD Network Outreach In 2016, the Afghanistan Independent Human Rights Commission (AIHRC) established a National Action Plan for the Protection of HRDs. Under the framework of the National Action Plan, the AIHRC developed an outreach initiative to build a network of HRDs across the country. In 2017 and 2018, the AIHRC identified 546 defenders (195 women and 351 men) for protection support, who were subsequently targeted with a series of 3-day regional workshops, where AIHRC conducted essential training on self-protection and raised awareness of the support available from the AIHRC. Through this network development, the AIHRC has built a database of HRDs around the country, which has allowed the commission to track violations against defenders and maintain robust communication channels with individual defenders at risk, enabling AIHRC field staff to respond quickly to violations against HRDs when and where they arise. Part 3: National Actions | 31