ICCPR - International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ICERDS - International Covenant on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination ICESCR - International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights IGSO - Inspector-General’s Standing Order IO - Investigation Officer IP - Investigation Paper IPCC - Independent Police Complaints Commission IPD - Ibu Pejabat Daerah IPK - Ibu Pejabat Kontijen JAIS - Jabatan Agama Islam Selangor JBS - Johor Bahru Selatan JKR - Jabatan Kerja Raya (Public Works Department) JPAM - Jabatan Pertahanan Awam Malaysia (Malaysia Civil Defence Force Department) KDN - Kementerian Dalam Negeri (Ministry of Home Affairs) NGO - Non-Governmental Organisation NKRA - National Key Result Areas KKM - Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia (Ministry of Health Malaysia) OCPD - Officer in-charge of Police District OCS - Officer in-charge of Station OHCHR - Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights OPCAT - Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment PACE - Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984