From Four Nodes of History: The Human Rights Challenge in the Philippine Security Sector US troops initiated the battle when they were already well prepared. They opened the battle with naval and artillery bombardment against the static positions, leveling to the ground even the concrete buildings where the Filipino soldiers were positioned. After crushing the defenses, US troops finished them off with an infantry advance supported by machine gun fire. This turned the battles into “turkey shoots”. When Bryan lost the US presidential elections, many members of the Malolos Congress who came from the principalia, capitulated, promoting a political line of surrender and cooperation to the United States. C. Human rights violations during the PhilippineAmerican War 1. What were some of the major human rights violations attributed to US troops during the Philippine-Amerian War? a) Genocide in Caloocan (February 10, 1899) The Battle of Caloocan started on February 10, 1899 with the 60 bombardment and advance of the Kansas Regiment from entrenched positions. It ended in the total annihilation of the population of Caloocan. Capt. David S. Elliot of the 20th Kansas Volunteers, wrote: Caloocan was supposed to contain seventeen thousand inhabitants. The Twentieth Kansas swept through it, and now Caloocan contains not one living native. Minkler, also of the 20th Kansas Volunteers bragged: We do not take prisoners. At least the Twentieth Kansas do not. 13 Lt. John F. Hall of the Kansas Regiment, who filed direct charges against his immediate officers on January 9, 1900, reporting directly to General MacArthur, said his charges were supported by 6 captains, 7 lietenants and 7 privates of the 20th Kansas. Exerpts: • Sixth. -- That the said Frederick S. Funston, at said date, and thereafter, did issue orders to shoot prisoners.