Second Annual Report of the National Institution for Human Rights (NIHR) 2014 - Kingdom of Bahrain 7. The provisions of Law No. 19 of 2006 on the Regulation of the Labor Market, as amended, address the crime of trafficking in persons. The Law organizes the relationship between foreign workers and the employers to ensure the recognition of the rights of workers and not exploiting them. Law No. 5 of 2007 on Combating Begging and Homelessness defines the two terms and the actions taken against them. In certain circumstances, begging is considered a form of trafficking in persons through using a juvenile or handing him to others for begging purposes, inciting a person to beg or forcing him into homelessness. Law No. 37 of 2012 Promulgating the Law of the Child includes provisions to protect children from falling victims to this crime as a result any form of exploitation. 8. In terms of international human rights instruments, the Slavery Convention concluded in September 1926, amended by the Protocol of 1953, the 1956 Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery, which were acceded to by the Government of the Kingdom of Bahrain under Decree No. 7 of 1999, in addition to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, which was acceded to by the Government of the Kingdom of Bahrain under Law No. 56 of 2006, prohibit all forms of slavery and trafficking in persons. 9. The United Nations Convention to Combat Transnational Organized Crime was adopted by a resolution of the United Nations General Assembly No. 25 in the fifty-fifth session of November 15, 2000. It has two Protocols, namely: the Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land and Sea, and the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons especially Women and Children, which were acceded to by the Government of the Kingdom of Bahrain under Law No. 4 of 2004. This Convention and its supplementary Protocols constitute the international legal protection in the field of combating and preventing the crime of trafficking in Persons. In the same context, the International Convention for the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, adopted by the Resolution of the United Nations General Assembly No. (45/158) on December 18, 1990, prevents migrant workers or any member of their families to be held in slavery, servitude or forced or compulsory labor. It should be noted that the Government of the Kingdom of Bahrain has not acceded to this Convention to date. 10. Article 3, Clause (a), of the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons Especially Women and Children defines trafficking in persons as: “recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation. Exploitation shall include, at a minimum, the exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labour or services, slavery or practices similar to slavery, servitude or the removal of organs”. In any event, Clause 5 of the same Article considers that the consent of the victim is of no relevance to establish the crime. 11. Within the Government of the Kingdom of Bahrain efforts to combat and prevent the crime of trafficking in persons, and in implementation of Article 8 of Law No. 1 of 2008 on Combating Trafficking in Persons, the Minister of Foreign Affairs issued Resolution No. 1 of 2008 Forming the National Anti-Trafficking in Persons Committee, which was reconstituted under Resolution No. (1) of 2009 to include representatives from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of the Interior, Ministry of Justice, Islamic Affairs and Endowments, Ministry of Social Development, Ministry of State for Media Affairs, Labor Market Regulatory Authority, and three civil associations nominated by the Ministry of Social Development. 67