163 United Nations Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). (2018.) General Comment No. 6 (2018) on equality and non-discrimination, CRPD /c/GC/6. (p. 3, para. 12). https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download. aspx?symbolno=CRPD/C/GC/6&Lang=en 164 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (CCPR). General Comment No. 31 CCPR/C/21/Rev.1/Add. 13 (2004). Also see Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (CESCR). General Comment 19 E/C.12/GC/19 (2008) at [64]-[65]. Cited in Royal Commission of Inquiry into Historical Abuse in State Care and in the Care of Faith-based Institutions. (2020) Briefing paper — Redress in international and domestic human rights. (p. 7). 165 Fredman, S. (2016). Substantive equality revised. International Journal of Constitutional Law, 14(3), 712–738, (at 713). https://doi. org/10.1093/icon/mow043 166 Goodmark, L. (2018). Decriminalising domestic violence. A balanced policy approach to intimate partner violence. (p. 110). University of California Press. 167 Frohmader, C., Dowse, L., & Didi, A. (2015). Preventing Violence against Women and Girls with Disabilities: Integrating a human rights perspective. Women With Disabilities Australia (WWDA). 168 Ibid. 169 Goodmark, L. (2018). Decriminalising domestic violence. A balanced policy approach to intimate partner violence. University of California Press. 170 Palmisano, G. (2017). Article 19: Living independently and being included in the community. In V. Della Fina, R. Cera, & G. Palmisano. (Eds) The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. (p. 353). Springer International Publishing. 171 Schulze, M. (2017). Freedom from exploitation, violence and abuse of persons with disabilities: Contribution to the Council of Europe Strategy on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. (p. 25). Council of Europe. 172 Ministry of Social Development (MSD Taskforce for Action on Violence within Families). (2012). Evidence brief: Issues and opportunities for addressing family violence within the disability sector. Key Points. https://www.msd.govt.nz/documents/about-msdand-our-work/work-programmes/initiatives/action-family-violence/disability-evidence-brief-03-10-2012-taskforce-meeting.pdf 173 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021). The ecological model of disease prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/ violenceprevention/about/social-ecologicalmodel.html. Using the work of Krug, E. G., Dahlberg L. L., Mercy, J. A., Zwi, A. B., & Lozano, R. (Eds.) (2002). World report on violence and health. World Health Organization (pp. 1–21). 174 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021). The ecological model of disease prevention. (para. 6). https://www.cdc.gov/ violenceprevention/about/social-ecologicalmodel.html. Using the work of Krug, E. G., Dahlberg L. L., Mercy, J. A., Zwi, A. B., & Lozano, R. (Eds.) (2002). World report on violence and health. World Health Organization (pp. 1–21). 175 World Health Organization, (2012). Preventing intimate partner and sexual violence against women; taking action and generating evidence. (pp. 62–64). 176 Ministry of Justice. (2021). Discussion document: Proposals against incitement of hatred and discrimination. Also see: Schulze, M. (2017). Freedom from exploitation, violence and abuse of persons with disabilities: Contribution to the Council of Europe Strategy on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Council of Europe. 80 177 Motu Economic and Public Policy Research. (2019). Digital inclusion and wellbeing in New Zealand. Report for Department of Internal Affairs. https://www.digital.govt.nz/digital-government/digital-transformation/digital-inclusion/report-digital-inclusionand-wellbeing-in-new-zealand/. Cited in Human Rights Commission. (2020). Unpublished internal options paper. 178 Appleton-Dyer, S., & Soupen, A. (2017). Rapid review of the Waitematā safeguarding adults from abuse (SAFA) pilot report for the Waitematā Police. Synergia. 179 Ministry of Health. (2021). Office of the Director of Mental Health and Addiction Services Annual Report 2018 and 2019. https://www. health.govt.nz/publication/office-director-mental-health-and-addiction-services-annual-report-2018-and-2019 180 Pinilla-Roncancio, M. (2015). Disability and poverty: two related conditions. A review of the literature. Rev. Fac. Med. 63:S113–23. Paras 27 & 28. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v63n3sup.50132 181 Krug, E. G., Dahlberg L. L., Mercy, J. A., Zwi, A. B., & Lozano, R. (Eds.) (2002). World report on violence and health. World Health Organization. 182 Ibid. 183 Pinilla-Roncancio, M. (2015). Disability and poverty: two related conditions. A review of the literature. Rev. Fac. Med. 63:S113–23. Paras 27 & 28. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v63n3sup.50132 184 Women with Disabilities Australia (WWDA). (2021). Response to the violence and abuse of people with disability at home. Issues Paper of the Royal Commission into Violence, Abuse, Neglect and Exploitation of People with Disability. (p. 9). 185 United Nations Human Rights Council. Forty-third session. A/HRC/43/41 (2020). Rights of persons with disabilities Report of the Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities. VII/C/65, pp. 15–16. United Nations General Assembly. Human Rights Commission

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