economic status, cultural background, disability, lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and intersex (LGBTI) status. 41. This includes lack of national information across a range of health and wellbeing domains, such as: • child deaths, self-harm deaths and self-harm hospitalisations • violence against children • outcomes for children in or having left child protection services • children with disability, including Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) • school expulsions and suspensions • drug and substance abuse. 42. Disaggregated data across different age ranges is not readily available. For example, payment data on the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) is only provided in two cohorts, 0–9 years and 10–19 years. These cohorts include children across a wide range of developmental ages, as well as adults, and are too broad to be helpful. 43. Submissions to the NCC in 2018 identified access to disaggregated data as a significant concern.24 For example, the Multicultural Youth Advocacy Network (MYAN) stated that: Department of Home Affairs (DHA), while reporting on migration categories of arrivals, does not report on different age cohorts, including the specific youth cohort (aged 12 to 24) which hampers efforts to ensure better planning and programming for the needs of young refugees and migrants arriving in Australia.25 44. These data gaps impede Australia’s capacity to monitor and report on child wellbeing, and its ability to understand when and how best to intervene in ways that will support all children to thrive. 45. The Commission values the work of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC) and the Longitudinal Study of Indigenous Children (LSIC) both initiatives of the Australian Government, which contributes to understanding the issues facing children in Australia. However, they do not replace the need for consistent data collection across all children in Australia and for this data to be publicly available. 8