40 2) Questions 191. The economic status of parents leads to spending gap in private education, and in turn, affects the college entrance rate or wage level after graduation. Does the government have policy measures to resolve this problem? Issue 52. Cultural Rights of Children Belonging to Minority and Indigenous Groups 1) Current status 192. Children belonging to minority groups represent children from minority group backgrounds and include immigrant children, multicultural children, and North Korean refugee children. Although the number of children from minority groups is increasing, they have a low school attendance rate with a high dropout rate, and experience difficulties in adjusting to school life and deciding the future path compared to native children. Immigrant Children 193. According to the government’s Survey on the Current Status of Foreign Residents, the number of children under 18 with migration background in 2015 was 207,693, a 70.3% increase from 121,935 in 2010. Children under six took a large portion with 56.38% and the number of school-aged children of seven years old and older is on the rise. 194. The current Framework Act on Education states that all Korean citizens are subject to compulsory education, so children with migration background are not subject to compulsory education and therefore not able to receive the school enrollment notice. Moreover, the government does not prohibit schools from rejecting school transfer of refugee children such as children with migration background, so their school admission could be rejected at the discretion of the school principal. After the government exempted the civic officials from the obligation to notify upon recognizing unregistered children with migration background in 2012 and revised the law so that children with migration background do not have to submit the certificate of entry and exit when enrolling or transferring to schools in 2013, the high school attendance rate and the enrollment rate to higher education institutions increased compared to 2012 by 4.8% and 4.0%, respectively, but each rate was lower than Korea’s overall attendance rate by 3.6%p and 14.8%p, respectively. Multicultural Children 195. The Korean Education Statistics states that the number of multicultural children attending elementary, middle, and high school has increased from about 30,000 in 2010 to