Acknowledgements I express my heartfelt gratitude to my dear colleague Dr. Vinod Kumar, Associate Professor, Oncoanaesthesia and Palliative Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi & Dr. Anupam Prakash, Professor, Medicine at Lady Hardinge Medical College who has been kind enough for sharing of the valuable clinical inputs in this booklet. I am also grateful to the team, working at Investigation division at NHRC especially to Mr Rajvir Singh, Mr M S Gill Mr I.P.Singh, Mr Bimal Jit Uppal and Mr Dushyant Singh for sharing with me about their long experience of dealing with intricacies of medical investigations. I am also thankful to Dr. Adarsh kumar, Professor, Forensic Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi for illuminating in me a sense of responsibility towards victims of health rights violation. I am indebted to Dr Sukhdeep Singh, Professor, Forensic Medicine, LHMC for helping me in proofreading and special inputs. I dedicate this work to my parents & all my respected teachers. Dr Arvind Kumar Acknowledgements | X