232 Chasing the Wind: Assessing Philippine Democracy, Second Edition sources of information about government and being Filipino. In more recent times, with the advancement of information and communication technologies, social network sites and the internet are playing a more dominant role in the socialization of the individual and the transmission of values. This is clearly demonstrated in the Quiñones (2013) study where television and the internet were rated by the adolescent respondents as their top sources of information about the Philippine government and school only came in third place. When focused on information about being Filipino, however, school was still the top ranked source of information, followed by the internet and television. It is worth noting that in a study funded by the National Research Council of the Philippines, 88 percent of a student sample from across the nation (N = 614) reported using the internet (Gastardo-Conaco, 2015), with a mean reported extent of internet use at 7.5 hours a day (sd = 6.2), almost a third of a day. And while 79 percent still report using the television, the mean reported daily use is only 3.8 hours (sd = 3.3). These gures could indicate a shift in the potency of the internet as the socializing agent in this generation. Information and communication technologies have become ubiquitous in our society where almost everybody has a cell phone and where smart phones can allow access to other media (e.g., television and the internet). The role (and extent of role) of these new technologies as political socialization agents should be investigated further. The role of the family. The foundations of much of our later social and political values, beliefs and behaviors are established very early in life, directly as well as indirectly, within our basic family systems. As the old idiom reminds us "The hand that rocks the cradle rules the world." Parents, mothers in particular, are the child's primary socialization agents. It is widely acknowledged that our own national hero, Jose Rizal, was greatly inuenced by the tutelage of his mother, Doña Teodora Alonzo, and his elder brother, Paciano. In the different editions of her now-classic work on the Filipino family, Medina (1991, 2001, 2015) elucidates on the values and traits taught by Fiipino parents to their children. These include obedience, respect for authority and hierarchical behavior. Very early on, therefore, Filipino children are socialized to the power systems inherent in groups, more specically within the family, and are taught the appropriate behaviors for navigating these systems. Respect, submissiveness and deference to elders are expected of younger family members. Talking or answering back is considered disrespectful and may be subject to punishment, if not here then in the hereafter (e.g., karma or gaba). Seniority is the main basis for power and more senior family members play a dominant role in decision-making and agenda setting. As part of their role, older members of the family are also expected to take care of the younger members. It used to be that older siblings would even quit school to work in order to support their younger siblings' education, if their parents did not have sufcient resources. Unfortunately, this mutually benecial system of