iii Table of Contents Table of Contents Foreword by Jose Luis Martin C. Gascon Chairperson, Commission on Human Rights of the Philippines v Foreword by Titon Mitra UNDP Country Director vii Prologue by Felipe B. Miranda viii Chapter 1 Conceptualizing and Measuring Modern Democracy Felipe B. Miranda 1 Chapter 2 Rethinking Democratization in the Philippines: Elections, Political Families, and Parties Temario C. Rivera 43 Chapter 3 The Never Ending Democratization of the Philippines Malaya C. Ronas 75 Chapter 4 Local Governments, Civil Society, Democratization, and Development Ronald D. Holmes 107 Chapter 5 Elections as an Instrument of Political Control Rene B. Azurin 142 Chapter 6 Reform and Abolition: The Philippine Party List System Bobby M. Tuazon 185