‫ﺴﺎﺒﻌ ﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺤﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺄﺴﻴﺱ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻻﻨﻀﻤﺎﻡ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻜﻔل ﺍﻟﺩﺴﺘﻭﺭ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻨﻲ ﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪ ١٩٥٢‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺘﻴﻥ )‪ (٢/١٦‬ﻭ)‪/٢/٢٣‬ﻭ( ﺤﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻅﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺒﻲ ﻀـﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﺩﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻨﻭﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺩ ﺒﻠﻎ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻨﻴﺔ )‪ (٦٢‬ﻨﻘﺎﺒﺔ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ،٢٠٠٧‬ﻭﺘﺘـﻭﺯﻉ ﺇﻟـﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺒﻊ ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﻭﻫﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ .١‬ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﻋﺩﺩﻫﺎ )‪ (١٤‬ﻨﻘﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻴﻭﺠﺩ ﻟﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﻤﻜﺎﺘﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋـﺩﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫)‪ (٦‬ﻨﻘﺎﺒﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﻨﻬﺎ‪ :‬ﻨﻘﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻤﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻨﻘﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻨﺩﺴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻨﻘﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻷﻁﺒﺎﺀ‪ .‬ﺇﻻ ﺇﻨـﻪ ﻻ ﻴﻭﺠـﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺍﻵﺨﺭ ﻤﻜﺎﺘﺏ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺩﺩﻫﺎ )‪ (٨‬ﻨﻘﺎﺒﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﻨﻬـﺎ‪ :‬ﻨﻘﺎﺒـﺔ ﺍﻟـﺼﺤﻔﻴﻴﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﻨﻘﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﺎﻨﻴﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻨﻴﻴﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺍﺒﻁﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻨﻴﻴﻥ‪.‬‬ ‫‪٤١‬‬ ‫‪ .٢‬ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﻋﺩﺩﻫﺎ )‪ (١٧‬ﻨﻘﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺘﻨﻀﻭﻱ ﺠﻤﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﺘﺤﺕ ﻤﻅﻠﺔ ﺍﻻﺘﺤﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﻟﻨﻘﺎﺒـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎل‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﻨﻬﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻤﻠﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻟﻨﻘل ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻤﻠﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻨﺊ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺨﻠﻴﺹ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻤﻠﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺠﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺩﻴﻥ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .٣‬ﻨﻘﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻥ ﻭﻋﺩﺩﻫﺎ )‪ (٢٩‬ﻨﻘﺎﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻤﻨﻬﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤـﺔ ﻷﺼـﺤﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺤﻠـﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺠﻭﻫﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﺔ ﻷﺼﺤﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺨـﺎﺒﺯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺒـﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤـﺔ ﻟﺘﺠـﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒـﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺭﻭﻨﻴﺎﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫• ﺒﻠﻎ ﻋﺩﺩ ﻤﻨﺘﺴﺒﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺒﺎﺕ ‪ -‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺨﺘﻼﻑ ﺃﻨﻭﺍﻋﻬﺎ ‪ (٣٤٨،٨٦١) -‬ﻋﻀﻭﹰﺍ ﻟﻌﺎﻡ ‪ ،٢٠٠٧‬ﻓﻴﻤـﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﻠﻎ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻷﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻠﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺩﺩﻴﻥ ﻜﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺯﺍﻤﺎﺘﻬﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻴﻥ ﻴﺤﻕ ﻟﻬﻡ ﺍﻟﻤـﺸﺎﺭﻜﺔ ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻭﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﻨﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﻭﻴﺕ )‪ ،(٢٠٦،٨٠٨‬ﺃﻱ ﻤﺎ ﻨـﺴﺒﺘﻪ )‪ (%٥٩‬ﻤـﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻉ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻷﻋﻀﺎﺀ‪ .‬ﺃﻤﺎ ﻋﺩﺩ ﺍﻷﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻠﻴﻥ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻹﻨﺎﺙ ﻓـﻲ ﺠﻤﻴـﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺒـﺎﺕ ﻓﺒﻠـﻎ‬ ‫)‪ ،(٢١،٨٩٢‬ﺃﻱ ﻤﺎ ﻨﺴﺒﺘﻪ )‪ (%٦‬ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻭ ﻤﺎ ﻴﻌﻜﺱ ﻀﻌﻑ ﻤﺸﺎﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤـﺭﺃﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻋﻀﻭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﻨﺸﻁﺘﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫• ﻭﻴﻼﺤﻅ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻌﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺠﻌﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻨﻭﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺭﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﺩﻯ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﺨﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻨﻭﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺨﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﺴﺘﻘﻼل ﻭﺤﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﺘﺨﺎﺫ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺍﺭ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺒﻴﻨﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﺨﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﻤﺭﻭﻨـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻨﺸﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺩﻴل ﻭﺍﻹﻟﻐﺎﺀ ﻟﻜل ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﻔﻲ ﺤﻴﻥ ﺘﺸﻜﻠﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻨﻴﺔ ﺒﻤﻭﺠﺏ ﻗـﺎﻨﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓـﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺸﻜﻴل ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﻨﻘﺎﺒﺎﺕ ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻥ ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻗﺭﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺃﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺼﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻋﻥ ﻤﺠﻠﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺯﺭﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻗﺭﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺘﺼﺩﺭ ‪ -‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻏﻠﺏ ﺍﻷﺤﻴﺎﻥ ‪ -‬ﻋﻥ ﻭﺯﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻤل‪.‬‬ ‫‪٤٢‬‬ ‫‪ ٤١‬اﻟﻨﻘﺎﺑﺎت اﻟﻤﻬﻨﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻟﺪﻳﻬﺎ ﻣﻜﺎﺗﺐ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﻤﻬﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ه ﻲ‪ :‬ﻧﻘﺎﺑ ﺔ اﻷﻃﺒ ﺎء‪ ،‬وﻧﻘﺎﺑ ﺔ اﻟﻤﻬﻨﺪﺳ ﻴﻦ‪ ،‬وﻧﻘﺎﺑ ﺔ اﻟﻤﺤ ﺎﻣﻴﻦ‪ ،‬وﻧﻘﺎﺑ ﺔ اﻟ ﺼﻴﺎدﻟﺔ‪ ،‬وﻧﻘﺎﺑ ﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﻨﺎن‪ ،‬وﻧﻘﺎﺑ ﺔ اﻟﻤﻬﻨﺪﺳ ﻴﻦ اﻟ ﺰراﻋﻴﻴﻦ‪ .‬أﻣ ﺎ اﻟﻨﻘﺎﺑ ﺎت اﻟﻤﻬﻨﻴ ﺔ اﻟﺘ ﻲ ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟ ﺪ ﻟ ﺪﻳﻬﺎ ﻣﻜﺎﺗ ﺐ ﻓ ﻲ اﻟﻤﺠﻤ ﻊ اﻟﻤﻬﻨ ﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬ ﻲ‪ :‬ﻧﻘﺎﺑ ﺔ اﻟ ﺼﺤﻔﻴﻴﻦ‪ ،‬وﻧﻘﺎﺑ ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔ��ﺎﻧﻴﻦ‪ ،‬وﻧﻘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻟﻴﻦ‪ ،‬وﻧﻘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻤﻤﺮﺿﻴﻦ‪ ،‬وﻧﻘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺠﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﻴﻦ‪ ،‬وﻧﻘﺎﺑﺔ اﻷﻃﺒﺎء اﻟﺒﻴﻄﺮﻳﻴﻦ‪ ،‬وﻧﻘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﺳﺒﻴﻦ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﻴﻦ‪ ،‬وراﺑﻄﺔ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب‪.‬‬ ‫ﻼ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن‪ ،‬اﻷﻣﺮ اﻟﺬي ﻳﺴﺘﺪﻋﻲ ﻣﻮاﻓﻘﺔ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ اﻷﻣﺔ ﺑﺸﻘﻴﻪ اﻟﻨﻮاب‬ ‫ﻼ أي ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ أو ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻨﻴﺔ اﻟﻨﻘﺎﺑﺎت اﻟﻤﻬﻨﻴﺔ وأهﺪاﻓﻬﺎ ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﺗﻌﺪﻳ ً‬ ‫‪٤٢‬ﻓﻤﺜ ً‬ ‫واﻷﻋﻴﺎن‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ اﻟﺘﺮﺧﻴﺺ أو أي ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮوﻃﻪ ﻟﻠﻨﻘﺎﺑﺎت اﻟﻌﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ أو ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ أﺻﺤﺎب اﻟﻤﻬﻦ اﺳﺘﺼﺪار ﻗﺮار ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻠﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ وزﻳﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫‪٤٩‬‬