CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION: THE DYNAMICS OF GLOBAL AND NATIONAL CONTEXT AND THE NEW HUMAN RIGHT CHALLENGES “Komnas HAM RI aims to: (a) develop conditions conducive to the implementation of human rights in accordance with Pancasila, the 1945 Constitution, and the Charter of the United Nations, as well as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights; and (b) increase the protection and enforcement of human rights to fully develop the humanity of Indonesian and their ability to participate in various areas of life.” ~ Article 75, Law No.39/1999 concerning Human Rights 2 1.1. The Global Dynamics and The New Challenges towards The Promotion and Protection of Human Rights Human Rights, the existence of the Indonesian National Human Rights Commission (Komnas HAM RI - hereafter also called the Commission or Komnas HAM), and its mandate serve to realize human rights as an everyday reality in the face of various new challenges. The human rights challenges that exist today are certainly different from those when the Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights and the Commission was established in 1993. New human rights challenges are increasingly complex because there is an intensification of interactions between the global human rights situation and the national human rights situation. Interrelated global human rights challenges, such as capitalism, poverty The Annual Report Of The National Human Rights Commission Of The Republic Of Indonesia (Komnas Ham RI) 2023