Table of Contents Meeting of the Advisory Council of Jurists ...............................................................................5 Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................6 Terms of Reference ....................................................................................................................7 Introduction ..............................................................................................................................10 List of Abbreviations................................................................................................................12 Part A – Executive Summary ................................................................................................15 General Recommendations and Observations..........................................................................15 Recommendations in Relation to APF States...........................................................................18 Summary of Answers to Questions Posed by the Reference....................................................27 Part B – Detailed Answers to Questions Posed by the Reference .....................................36 Terms of Reference (i)..............................................................................................................36 Terms of Reference (ii) ............................................................................................................49 Terms of Reference (iii) ...........................................................................................................61 Terms of Reference (iv)............................................................................................................81 Terms of Reference (v).............................................................................................................94 Terms of Reference (vi)............................................................................................................96 Terms of Reference (vii) ........................................................................................................104 Terms of Reference (viii) .......................................................................................................113 Terms of Reference (ix)..........................................................................................................126 Terms of Reference (x)...........................................................................................................131 Terms of Reference (xi)..........................................................................................................134 Terms of Reference (xii) ........................................................................................................136 Terms of Reference (xiii) .......................................................................................................139 Terms of Reference (xiv)........................................................................................................146 Part C – Position in APF States...........................................................................................152 Afghanistan ............................................................................................................................152 Australia .................................................................................................................................162 Fiji ..........................................................................................................................................179 India........................................................................................................................................188 Indonesia ................................................................................................................................202 Jordan .....................................................................................................................................209 Malaysia .................................................................................................................................217 Mongolia ................................................................................................................................226 Nepal ......................................................................................................................................239 New Zealand...........................................................................................................................248 Palestine..................................................................................................................................264 Philippines ..............................................................................................................................273 Qatar .......................................................................................................................................282 Republic of Korea ..................................................................................................................290 Sri Lanka ................................................................................................................................297 Thailand..................................................................................................................................308 International Law ...................................................................................................................308 Timor-Leste ............................................................................................................................317 3