6.1. The tri-forces should be given intensive training on handling crowd control at civilian protests, emphasising the difference in the treatment of civilians as opposed to armed enemy belligerents. 6.2. Further, as per section 95(3) of the Code of Criminal Procedure Act No.15 of 1979 as amended, in carrying out the dispersal of the unlawful assembly, and any arrests and detainments as needed, they shall use force as is reasonably necessary to diffuse the situation. 6.3. The tri-forces should have a thorough knowledge of the chain of command of the police and their respective chains of command. 6.4. Better coordination and communication should be facilitated between the tri-forces and the commanding officers of the police. 6.5. If a junior officer wishes to raise an issue or submit any new information relating to the protest (e.g. difficulties, the need for more personnel and equipment), he must communicate the issue to the officer immediately superior in rank to him by the hierarchy of seniority. This would go a long way toward ensuring that the chain of command remains unbroken. 6.6. A report similar to the report recommended above for the police to compile should be made by the commanding officers of the army, navy, and air force at the site of the protest after the fact. It should be handed over to his direct superior, who should ensure the report reaches the highest level of the hierarchy, to ensure accountability. 6.7. Any allegations of officers breaking ranks without the lawful command of their commanding officer or any other form of misconduct must be investigated thoroughly. As needed, the offending officer should be subject to internal disciplinary/administrative action and legal action. 6.8. As a good chain of command is indispensable for implementing crowd control operations to maintain law and order, it is of the utmost importance that every officer from the police and the tri-forces be aware of the chain of command with absolute certainty. No excuses or compromises whatsoever should be made regarding this matter. 30