Contents 1. Executive summary ........................................................................................................................... 2 2. Recommendations for mitigation and elimination of adverse human rights effects............... 4 2.1 Worker input for change.......................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Commission Recommendations............................................................................................................. 4 2.2.1 Recommendations to Government............................................................................................... 4 2.2.2 Recommendations to business...................................................................................................... 6 2.2.3 Recommendations to community organisations........................................................................ 7 3. Approach to the review...................................................................................................................... 8 4. Overview and timeline of the Accredited Employer Work Visa scheme...................................... 9 4.1 Media reports of worker exploitation..................................................................................................... 9 4.2 Independent review of AEWV scheme.................................................................................................... 10 4.3 Changes to the AEWV scheme................................................................................................................. 10 4.4 Further media reports and review ......................................................................................................... 11 5. Human rights framework.................................................................................................................. 12 5.1 International human rights ..................................................................................................................... 12 5.2 United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights................................................... 13 6. Te Tiriti o Waitangi.............................................................................................................................. 14 7. Rights most relevant to temporary migrant workers under the AEWV scheme........................ 16 7.1 Right to equality and freedom from discrimination............................................................................. 16 7.2 Right to work, and to just and favourable conditions of work............................................................ 16 7.3 Right to an adequate standard of living................................................................................................. 16 7.4 Right to health .......................................................................................................................................... 17 7.5 Right to freedom of association ............................................................................................................. 17 7.6 Right to an effective remedy.................................................................................................................... 17 7.7 Protections against human trafficking and modern slavery................................................................ 18 8. Findings of human rights analysis ................................................................................................... 19 8.1 Right to just and favourable working conditions.................................................................................. 19 8.1.1 Exploitative recruitment practices – introduction....................................................................... 19 8.1.2 Exploitative recruitment practices – premiums for employment.............................................. 19 8.1.3 Tying visas to employers................................................................................................................. 21 8.1.4 Serious breaches of employment standards............................................................................... 23 8.1.5 Modern slavery and human trafficking......................................................................................... 23 8.2 Right to an adequate standard of living – housing and access to food.............................................. 24 8.3 Right to health........................................................................................................................................... 25 8.4 Freedom of association............................................................................................................................ 26 8.5 Right to an effective remedy and access to justice............................................................................... 28 1