CONTENTS Title Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Research Background 1 Deaths in Police Custody 2 Scope of the Research 3 Objectives of the Research 4 Research Question 4 Phases of the Research 5 Methodology of the Research 7 Detainees Sampling 10 Literature Review 11 Legal Framework of Crime in Malaysia 13 Limitations of the Research 16 CHAPTER 2 LEGAL FRAMEWORKS, POLICIES AND PRINCIPLES OF UNIVERSAL HUMAN RIGHTS ON DEATHS IN POLICE CUSTODY Definition of Deaths in Police Custody 21 Legal Provision if Deaths Happen 23 Provision under Criminal Procedure Code 1953 24 Provision under Lock-up Rules 1953 26 Provision under Penal Code (Act 574) 27 Board of Visiting Justices 28 Principles of Human Rights on Death in Custody 29