RESEARCH
Outside of Goal 16, matters related to the anti-violence against women and children could
also be relevant to the conflict addressed by Target 5.2.20 Besides that, there is also the
Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 26 of 2000 concerning the Human Rights Court
(hereinafter: Law 26/2000) that gives roles to the NCHR as the investigator for grave human
rights violation cases.21 The roles of the NCHR in the said Law 26/2000 could be connected
with Target 16.3. which entails provisions on the access to justice and legal certainty.22
The 2030 Agenda contain 17 SDGs, followed by targets and indicators attached to each of
those goals.23 All SDGs are fully contained in the President Regulation 59/2017.24 However,
not all targets under the United Nations General Assembly Resolutions 70/1 of 2015
(hereinafter: UNGA Res. 70/1) related to sustainable development are included in the global
targets contained in the President Regulation 59/2017.25 It is necessary to note that in the
UNGA Res. 70/1 (outside of the contents with regards to the goals and targets of the SDGs),
human rights elements have become an important part of the SDGs implementation.26
Another instrument that is necessary to be pointed out is the Mérida Declaration which was
made by the Global Alliance of National Human Rights Institutions (hereinafter: GANHRI)
and has contributed as consolidating element to the relation between human rights and
the 17 SDGs since it commencement, as of 2015.27
Goal 1 in the SDGs focuses on the matters of poverty.28 SDG 1, particularly Targets 1.1. and
1.2. related to the reduction of poverty, is relevant to the right to life, the right to enhance
living standard, and the right to adequate standard of living in the Law 39/1999.29 The
right to basic needs and the right to self-development are also related to Targets 1.1. and
1.2.30 Target 1.3. on the social protection system could be related to the collective right
of self-development (individuals/groups have the rights to protect their self-development
20
(1) Ibid., Law 7/2012; and (2) Ibid., UNGA Res. 70/1, 18, (Goal 5, Target 5.2.).
21
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 26 Tahun 2000 tentang Pengadilan Hak Asasi Manusia [Law
of the Republic of Indonesia Number 26 Year 2000 concerning the Human Rights Court] (authorised on
23 November 2000, promulgated on 23 November 2000) (hereinafter: Law 26/2000), Article 18, Article
20, and Article 25.
22
(1) Ibid., Law 26/2000; and (2) UNGA Res. 70/1 (n. 2), 25, (Goal 16, Target 16.3.).
23
Ibid., UNGA Res. 70/1, 15-27. For the list of indicators from the SDGs target, see: (1) United Nations
General Assembly Resolution 71/313, Work of the Statistical Commission Pertaining to the 2030 Agenda
for Sustainable Development, A/RES/71/313 (adopted on 6 July 2017); and (2) “SDG Indicators,” United
Nations (managed by the United Nations Statistics Division), accessed on 28 December 2020, https://
unstats.un.org/sdgs/indicators/ indicators-list/.
24
President Regulation 59/2017 (n. 1), Annex.
25
(1) UNGA Res. 70/1 (n. 2), 15-27; and (2) Ibid., President Regulation 59/2017 (n. 1), Annex.
26
See: ibid., UNGA Res. 70/1, 1 (Preamble, Paragraph 3) and 3-4, 6, 8-9, 29, 31-32 (Declaration, Paragraph
3, Paragraph 8, Paragraph 10, Paragraph 19, Paragraph 20, Paragraph 29, Paragraph 35, Paragraph 67,
and Paragraph 74 Letter (e)).
27
See in general: The Mérida Declaration: The Role of National Human Rights Institutions in
Implementing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (adopted on 10 October 2015). See also:
“12th International Conference,” GANHRI, accessed on 15 January 2021, https://nhri.ohchr.org/EN/ICC/
InternationalConference/12IC/Pages/default.aspx.
28
For more details, see: UNGA Res. 70/1 (n. 2), 18 (Goal 1, Targets 1.1..-1.5. and Targets 1.a.-1.b.). See
also: President Regulation 59/2017 (n. 1), Annex, 1-10.
29
(1) Ibid., UNGA Res. 70/1, 15 (Goal 1, Targets 1.1.-1.2.); and (2) Law 39/1999 (n. 9), Article 4, Article
9 Paragraph (1), and Article 40.
30
(1) Ibid., UNGA Res. 70/1; and (2) Ibid., Law 39/1999, Article 11 and Article 15.
4