• disrespect was mostly perpetrated by colleagues (55%) and middle management (54.4%) • 68% of universities have anti-racism policies, but only 4.5% were considered effective in resolving workplace issues • 66.3% of respondents reported experiencing lateral violence. 29 (b) Australian Jewish University Student Experience Survey The Australian Jewish University Study Experience Survey was published in 2023. Based on a national survey with 563 responses, the survey found: • 64% of respondents experienced antisemitism at university • 57% of respondents have hidden their Jewish identity at university to avoid antisemitism • 85% of students did not make a complaint, and of those that did complain, 61% were dissatisfied with the outcome. 30 (c) Racism at the University of Melbourne Report The University of Melbourne Student Union surveyed students' experiences of racism in 2023. Based on 855 responses, it found: • 34% of respondents experienced racism • 42% witnessed racism • 44% reported feeling treated differently due to their racial or ethnic background. 31 (d) Australian National Imams Council Survey The Australian National Imams Council (ANIC) highlight 2024 survey data related to tertiary institutions in the ACT, finding: • 56.2% of respondents have frequently or occasionally witnessed or experienced Islamophobic or anti-Arab behaviour • 62.5% report negative mental health impacts due to discrimination and unsafe campus conditions • nearly 50% feel unsafe wearing cultural or religious attire, such as the hijab or keffiyeh, on campus 32