Effective measures to ensure everyone has access to a decent home must give particular attention to disadvantaged individuals, communities and populations. Services, facilities and infrastructure Housing must ensure facilities essential for health, security and comfort, including for New Zealand’s rural and remote communities. For example, residents should have access to safe drinking water, sanitation and washing facilities, refuse disposal and emergency services, and energy for heating, lighting and cooking. Location Housing must allow access to employment options, healthcare services, schools including te reo education, childcare and other social facilities, including for New Zealand’s rural and remote communities. Housing should not be so close to pollution sources that inhabitants’ health is jeopardized. Respect for cultural diversity Housing has a very important cultural dimension. In Aotearoa New Zealand, which aspires to a dynamic inclusive multiculturalism grounded on Te Tiriti o Waitangi, this dimension is crucial. For example, Māori, Pacific people and numerous culturally diverse communities have models of living that include the extended family (whānau or aiga). The national housing system is required to reflect our cultural diversity and Te Tiriti foundations: one model does not suit all. Also, regeneration and other projects must not sacrifice places of special cultural significance.6 Security of tenure Everyone should have security of tenure which guarantees legal protection, including due process in relation to eviction, discrimination, harassment and other unfair treatment. Tenure, which has a cultural dimension, takes a variety of forms, including Māori systems of land tenure, owner-occupation, rental (public and private), individual and collective, cooperative housing, social housing and emergency housing. It should take account of the interests of children, at-risk adults, all family types, and people of all abilities, stages of life and cultures. Tenure places obligations on all parties, including tenants who have a responsibility to treat with respect other occupiers, landlords, neighbours and their community. 52. Conclusion. One way for individuals, communities, government and the private sector to implement the UN ‘decency’ housing principles is to promote universal design. Universal design advances inclusive, accessible, healthy buildings and environments, and respect for cultural diversity.7 It considers people throughout 18

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