|Chapter 4| Reactions and Considerations towards Hate Speech ① Education, Promotion, and Policies at the Country and Local Government Levels First, various measures can be taken by countries and local governments. Public organizations should have important roles in recognizing and reacting to the problem of hate speech and discrimination. They should have firm attitudes towards the problem of hate speech and continuously remind the public on the issue of hate speech. The attitudes of public organizations on hate speech may serve as a barometer for the public attitude on hate speech. Education regarding hate speech is also important. There should be active education in all curriculums of compulsory education to sufficiently internalize the awareness of the problem of hate speech and discrimination, anti-hate education in companies should match the situations of workplaces, and appropriate education should be provided for the general public. It is also important for the country and local governments to improve the public awareness of hate speech with campaigns and promotions. It may also greatly influence the society if a figure or organization with a great public role officially states that they are against hate speech. In addition, it may also be helpful to react to hate speech if there are policies to improve the rights of the social minority groups and conduct research and surveys on hate and discrimination. Public organizations should establish basic internal anti-discrimination and anti-hate policies and put them into practice. It is also important to review and revise legislation and policies that encourage prejudice and discrimination. 48

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